高中三年级英语学案Unitsampnbsp1518ampnbsp（B3）

　　高中三年级英语学案units 15-16 (b3)
　　【知识网络】
　　一、重点词汇与短语
　　1．acknowledge vt.承认；告知已收到，为……表示感谢
　　he refused to acknowledge defeat/that he was defeated.
　　he acknowledged having made a mistake.
　　we must not fail to acknowleage his services to the town.
　　have a good knowledge of对……非常了解
　　have no knowledge of对……不熟悉
　　bring sth. to the knowledge of sb.让某人知道……
　　to one’s knowledge据某人所知
　　without the knowledge of在……不知道的情况下
　　2．starve vi.挨饿；饿死starvation n.饥饿；饿死
　　the proud man said he would starve rather than beg for food.
　　she is starving for attention.
　　i have been starving to see her.
　　starve for sth./to do渴望；急需要
　　starve to death饿死
　　3．fit in (with)与……相适应；与……相协调
　　the doctor managed to fit me in this morning.
　　i will happily change my plans to fit in with yours.
　　4．possess vt.拥有；具有
　　who takes possessions of the possessions?
　　the possessions are in the possession of mary.
　　possess nothing一无所有；possessor=owner拥有者；take possession of占有；拥有；in possesson of拥有；占有；in the possession of被占有
　　5．hold back
　　（1）退缩，踌躇
　　when danger came, no one held back.
　　（2）the police held back the crowd.
　　（3）阻碍
　　his poor education is holding him back.
　　（4）保留（实情，隐瞒）
　　he held back the fact that he was seriously ill.
　　hold on(打电话时)等着，别挂断；继续，持续下去
　　hold on to抓住，不放弃；拥有
　　hold out提出，伸出，维持
　　6．nevertheless adv. & conj.虽然如此；然而
　　he was tired; nevertheless/however, he kept writing.
　　i can’t go. nevertheless, i appreciate the invitation.
　　he is often rude to me, but i like him nevertheless.
　　二、词义辨析
　　persuade, convince与advise
　　（1）persuade和convince意思均为说服，前者着重情感上的＂敦促，劝告＂，后者着重理智方面的＂辩论，证明＂，两者结构相同。
　　persuade/convince sb. that…; persuade/convince sb. of sth.
　　①he persuaded me that it was not worth buying.他说服我，那东西不值得买。
　　（2）persuade还可表示说明某人做（或不做）某事，其结构为：
　　persuade sb.(not) to do sth.; persuade sb. into/out of doing sth.
　　②he persuaded me to do that.=he persuade me into doing that.他说服我去做那件事。
　　（3）persuade和convince都表示结果，即说服了，若表示＂说服＂或＂劝说＂的动作，常用try to persuade(或convince)，也可用advise表示。
　　③i advised (tried to persuade) him to start early but he didn’t listen.
　　我说服他早点动身，可他不听。
　　三、重点句型
　　1．what do you think teenagers in china have in common with those in other countries?
　　你认为中国的青年和外国的青少年有些什么共同之处？
　　do you think 为插入成份,常插在特殊疑问句中,构成复杂的特殊疑问句,其构成形式为:疑问代词或疑问副词+插入成份+陈述部分you也可以换成其他代词。think也可以换成其他表达想法或看法的动词：believe, consider, suppose., imagine, guess等。
　　when and where do you think we will have a picnic?
　　你认为我们将在何时何地野餐？
　　how do you suppose he passed the exam?
　　你猜他是如何通过考试的？
　　2．would you like to make a difference by becoming a volunteer?
　　你愿意成为一位志愿者，从而使生活有所变化吗？
　　would like/love to do sth.意为＂愿意/想要做……＂，to为不定式，后接动词原形。
　　指点迷津：would like/love to have done sth. 指过去本想做某事而实际上未做。
　　3．since lu hao began his twice weekly visits, mr. zhao’s health has improved.
　　自从鲁浩开始每周两次拜访他以来，赵老师的健康状况已大有好转。
　　since 意为＂自从……以来＂，可作为连词、介词、副词，表示事情持续的起点。
　　指点迷津：以过去的时间为起点，持续到现在，多用现在完成时；从过去更早的时间持续到过去，多用过去完成时；从过去持续到将来，多和将来完成时连用。
　　it is/ has been+一段时间+since+一般过去时，可译为：自从……以来已经多长时间了。从句中动作多用非延续性动词。
　　4．every time he plays football he is watched by thousands of adoring becks fans all over the world.
　　每次他踢足球时，全世界的热爱贝克汉姆的球迷们都注视着他。
　　every time每一次，在此用作从属连词，引导时间状语从句。
　　【考点透视 考例精析】
　　[考例1] the place ______ the bridge is supposed to be built should be ______ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.
　　a．which; where b．at which; which c．at which; where d．which; in which
　　[解析] c 第一空是定语从句,第二句是表语从句。
　　[考例2] nowadays, a large number of women, especially those from the countryside, ______ in the clothing industry.
　　a．is working b．works c．　work d．worked
　　[解析] c 主语的中心词是women,主谓一致,谓语动词用复数,时态是一般现在时。
　　[考例3] ---- do you know where david is? i couldn’t find him anywhere.
　　---- well . he _______ have gone far ----his coat’s still here.
　　a．shouldn’t b．mustn’t c．can’ t d．wouldn’t
　　[解析] c 对于过去的猜测＂不可能走了＂,因为他的外套还在这儿。
　　[考例4] the president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without ______ his notes.
　　a．bringing up b．referring to c．looking for d．trying on
　　[解析] b refer to参照讲稿。 bring up＂把……带大＂; look for＂寻找＂; try on＂实验＂。
　　【基础演练】
　　一、据首字母（汉语提示）填词，完成句子。
　　1．many social services are still provided by v____ __ societies.
　　2．what’s your ____ __(年) salary?
　　3．they employ ___ ___(临时的) labour to pick the fruit.
　　4．the city council ____ __（赞成） the building plans.
　　5．she was ____ __（具有） of a wonderful calm temperament.
　　6．he is so lazy that it’s difficult to a___ ___ his ability.
　　7．the high cost is a major ___ ___（障碍）.
　　8．in a__ ___ to giving a general introduction to computers, the course also provides practical experience.
　　9．have you gained a teaching ___ ___（资格）.
　　10．it is important to be ___ ___（准时）for your classes.
　　二、单项选择
　　1．______ , the dancers practice hard to make their dreams come true.
　　a．being disabled as they b．as they are disabled
　　c．disabled as they are d． disabled so they are
　　2． so biologists were ______ early this year when, with the help of the navy, they were able to______ a particular blue whale for 43 days, monitoring its sounds.
　　a．delighting; keep track of b．delighted; keep in touch with
　　c．delighting; keep an eye out d．delighted; keep track of
　　3．criticism from coaches, and other teammates, as well as ______ to win can create an excessive(过度的) amount of anxiety for young athletes.
　　a．pressure b．reputation c．standard d．permission
　　4．what you said was true. it was, ______， a little unkind.
　　a． therefore b．nevertheless c．anyway d．thus
　　5．unless the worker’s demands are ______ , soon there will be a strike.
　　a．paid b． met c． permitted d． replied
　　6．have you ever read the book ＂ the wolf totem＂ by jiang rong, ______ tells the story of the relationship between wolves and human beings ?
　　a．whom b．that c．which d．as
　　7．created in 1420 as an imperial palace, the forbidden city ______ in the center of beijing for 600 years.
　　a．has stood b．stands c．to stand d．stood
　　8．______asia, european countries have started to worry about bird flu, as birds infected with the deadly flu has been found in romania, turkey and russia.
　　a．excep tb．apart c． in addition to d．beside
　　9．living across two centries, ba jin experienced many periods of danger and suffering but never lost his beliefs ______ a person should tell the truth and be an honest man.
　　a．what b．that c．when d．不填
　　10．the qinghai-tibet railroad, ______ on october 16, connects tibet with the rest of china.
　　a．completes b．completed c．completing d．completes
　　【能力拓展】
　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
　　people can be addicted to different things —— e. g. alcohol, drug, certain foods, or even television. people who have such an addiction are compulsive: they have a very powerful psychological need that they feel they must satisfy. according to psychologists, many people are compulsive spenders. they feel that they must spend money. this compulsion, like most others, is impossible to explain reasonably. for compulsive spenders who buy on credit, charge accounts are even more exciting than money. in other words, compulsive spenders feel that with credit, they can do anything. their pleasure in spending large amounts is actually greater than the pleasure that they get from the things they buy. there is even a special psychology of bargain hunting. to save money, of course, most people look for sales, low prices, and discounts. compulsive bargain hunters, however, often buy things that they don?t need just because they are cheap. they want to believe that they are helping their budgets, but they are really playing an exciting game. when they can buy something for less than other people, they feel that they are winners. most people, experts claim, have two reasons for their behavior: a good reason for the things that they do and the real one.
　　it is not only scientists, of course, who understand the psychology of spending habits, but also business people. stores, companies, and advertisers use psychology to increase business. they consider people’s needs for love, power, or influence, their basic values, their beliefs and opinions, and so on in their advertising and sales methods.
　　psychologists often use a method called ＂behavior therapy (疗法)＂ to help inpiduals solve　their personality problems. in the same way, they can help people who feel that they have problems with money.
　　1．according to the passage, the greatest pleasure of crazy shopping for a compulsive spender is ______.
　　a．to get things they want
　　b．to meet their strong psychological need
　　c．to spend a lot of money
　　d．to meet their basic needs
　　2．according to the passage, compulsive bargain hunters constantly search for the lowest possible prices ______.
　　a．because they feel satisfied if they spend less money than others
　　b．because they have money problem
　　c．because they like to show off their success in getting things for less money
　　d．because they want to save money to help their budget
　　3．what does the passage mainly discuss?
　　a．the use of the psychology of spending money in business.
　　b．a special psychology of bargaining.
　　c．a method to help compulsive spenders to solve the problem of money.
　　d．the psychology of money spending habits.
　　参考答案
　　高三部分
　　units 15~16 (b3)
　　基础演练
　　一、1．voluntary 2．annual 3．casual 4．approved 5．posessed 6．assess
　　7．drawback 8．addition 9．qualification 10．punctual
　　二、1．c 2．d 3．a 4．b 5．b 6．c 7．a 8．c 9．b 10．b
　　能力拓展
　　参考答案及解析：
　　1．c 文章第一段第七行 their pleasure in spending large amounts is… 可知。
　　2．a 文章第一段倒数第四行compulsive bargain hunters…可知。
　　3．d