XX届高考英语一轮单元总复习讲义精品荟萃外研版必修三module 6 知识详解 1 date n． 日期；年代；时代；约会 v． 加日期于；起始于(某时期)；属于(某时期) (回归课本p51)most of the great wall dates from the ming dynasty (1368 1644)． 长城的大部分始建于明朝(1368年 1644年)。 归纳总结 例句探源 ①this church dates from the 13th century. 这座教堂的历史可以追溯到13世纪。 ② to date there has been no improvement in his condition. 到现在为止，他的状况还是没有好转。 ③(朗文p509)have you set a date for the wedding?婚礼的日子定下来了吗？ ④the information in last year’s tourist guide is already out of date.去年旅游指南上的信息已经过时。 ⑤what’s the date today？ what date is it today?今天是几号？ 即境活用 1．the custom________the 8th century when people knew little about the earth where they lived. a．dates back to b．is dated to c．is dated from d．dates to 解析：选a。date back to/date from表示＂始于；追溯到＂，不用被动语态，常用一般现在时态。本句意为＂这种习俗始于八世纪，当时人们对于他们所居住的地球并不了解。＂ 2.________as this computer is，it may be________in less than two years’ time. a．up to date；up to date b．up to date；out of date c．out of date；out of date d．out of date；up to date 解析：选b。up to date表示＂最新的；先进的＂；out of date则表示＂过时的；落后的＂。根据句意＂尽管这台计算机现在是先进的，但用不了两年时间，它就可能是落后的。＂ accommodate vt. 供应，供给；使适应；向……提供；容纳(乘客等)；迎合，迁就 vi.适应 (回归课本p51)the airport is within five hours’ flying time of half the world’s population and is designed to accommodate 80 million passengers a year. 该机场位于世界上一半人口五小时飞行时间所到达的距离之内，该机场的设计可以容纳每年八千万乘客的流量。 归纳总结 accommodate sb.with sth.提供某人某物accommodate sth.to sth.适应，迁就，迎合accommodate oneself to使自己适应于(2)accommodation n.住处，膳宿；(车、船、飞机等的)预定铺位；和解 例句探源 ①this university auditorium can accommodate over 3,000 people. 这座大学礼堂能容纳三千多人。 ②wherever he goes，he can accommodate himself to new circumstances. 无论走到哪里他都能适应新环境。 ③we’ve made every effort to accommodate your point of view. 我们已经尽力迁就你们的观点。 ④he will accommodate me with the use of his house while he is abroad. 他在国外期间将把他的住宅给我使用。 即境活用 3．how many people can this hall________？ a．be seated b．containing c．held d．accommodate 解析：选d。accommodate hold表示＂容纳＂，a、b、c形式不对。本句意为＂这个大厅可以容纳多少人？＂ 4.the new apartment built a few months ago is large enough to________over two hundred people. a．contain b．provide c．reside d．accommodate 解析：选d。句意＂几月前新建的公寓楼很大，能容纳200多人。＂ 3 remove vt. 移动，开除，除去，搬迁；移交 vi.迁移，搬家 n． 移动；距离；升级 (回归课本p53)some of them are being removed and some are being put into museums. 其中的一些正在被搬迁，有一些正被放进博物馆里。 归纳总结 例句探源 ①students removed several desks to another classroom. 学生们把几张书桌搬到另外一间教室。 ②he was removed for breaking the school rules. 他因违反校纪被开除了。 ③what do you advise for removing ink from my clothes? 你认为采用何种办法能清除我衣服上的墨迹？ ④these reforms will not remove poverty and injustice. 这些改革消除不了贫穷和不公正。 易混辨析 move，remove 二者都可表示＂移动＂，但用法不同。 (1)move强调位置和姿态的改变。 (2)remove强调完全放弃原来的地方而到达新的位置，有时相当于take away/off；表示＂搬迁，迁移＂时，remove和move都可以，但是一般用move。 ①the smiths are moving to new york next week. ②you must do all you can to remove his doubts. 即境活用 5．bad habits are no way easy to be________；it needs your determination. a．replaced b．moved c．removed d．got rid 解析：选c。这里remove表示＂除掉＂；replace则表示＂替换＂；move表示＂移动；搬家＂；get rid of表示＂除去＂。本句意为＂坏习惯绝不是很容易就能除掉的，那需要你的决心。＂ 6.teenagers shouldn’t be ________from school although they don’t do well in studies. a．disappeared b．gone c．removed d．beaten 解析：选c。句意＂尽管中学生学习不好也不能从学校赶走。＂ 4 hold back 阻止，阻挡；抑制，控制；隐瞒；犹豫 (回归课本p53)mao zedong wrote a poem in which he dreamed of ＂walls of stone to hold back clouds and rain till a smooth lake rises in the narrow gorges＂． 毛泽东写过一首词，在词中，他想象了＂更立西江石壁，截断巫山云雨，高峡出平湖＂的壮丽景观。 归纳总结 例句探源 ①they built the dam to hold back the flood. 他们筑起大坝阻挡洪水。 ②hearing her daughter’s success，she could not hold back tears of joy. 听到女儿成功了，她禁不住流下了喜悦的泪水。 ③you must be holding something back from me. 你一定对我隐瞒着什么。 ④she held back from trusting the money with him. 她对于托他保管金钱一事犹豫不决。 即境活用 7.watching me playing various tricks to stop the baby crying，the mother fought hard to________her laughter. a．hold back b．take off c．carry on d．turn down 解析：选a。hold back阻止；take off脱下；carry on继续；turn down调低。句意：看着我使出浑身解数不让婴儿哭，妈妈尽力忍住笑。故选a。 8．用介、副词填空 ①i think he is holding something________；he knows more than he admits. ②we didn’t know whether we would be able to hold________until help arrived. ③our car was held________in the heavy traffic. 答案：①back ②on ③up 5 make sense 讲得通；有意义，有道理；可理解 (回归课本p54)if you take away the attributive clauses，do the sentences still make sense? 如果你把定语从句去掉，这个句子还讲得通吗？ 归纳总结 例句探源 ①read this article and tell me if it makes sense. 阅读这篇文章，告诉我它的意思是否明确。 ②it just doesn’t make sense—why would she do such a thing? 这真是无法解释——她为什么会做这样的事情？ ③there is no sense in getting upset about it now. 现在为这件事苦恼是没有意义的。 ④what he said just now makes no sense to me. i make no sense of what he said just now. 我没明白他刚才说的话。 易混辨析 make sense，make sense of (1)make sense＂有意义；有道理；讲得通；可理解＂，物作主语，无被动语态，用to引出人。 (2)make sense of＂弄懂；理解＂，人作主语，可以用于被动语态，用of引出物。 ①this sentence doesn’t make sense to me；i cannot understand it at all. ②can you make sense of what this american is saying? 即境活用 9．dogs have a very good________of smell and are often used to search for survivors in an earthquake. a．sense b．view c．means d．idea 解析：选a。句意是：狗有很好的嗅觉感，所以经常被用来在地震中寻找那些幸存的人。have a sense of...是固定词组，意为＂有……感＂。have a good view of＂很好地看到……＂；means＂手段＂，不能构成这个词组；have an idea of＂了解……＂。 10.i have read the materials several times but it doesn’t make any________to me. a．meaning b．importance c．sense d．significance 解析：选c。考查固定短语make sense表示＂有道理；有意义；讲得通＂的意思。本句意为＂这些材料我已读了好几遍了，但我一直看不懂。＂ 句型梳理 1【教材原句】 sun yatsen，who was the leader of the 1911 revolution，first suggested the idea of a dam across the yangtze river in 1919.(p53) 19XX年辛亥革命的领导人孙中山于1919年首先提出了在长江上建造大坝的设想。 【句法分析】 suggest在此处意为＂提出；建议＂，常用搭配为suggest sth./doing...。 ①she suggested traveling by bus. 她建议乘公共汽车旅行。 suggest后还可跟从句。当＂建议＂讲时，后跟宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即：suggest that sb.(should)do sth.，其中should可以省略；当表示＂表明；暗示＂讲时，后跟宾语从句，不用虚拟语气，而用陈述语气。 suggest的名词为suggestion，凡是与suggestion(表示＂建议＂)相关的从句也都要用虚拟语气，即从句用that sb.(should)do...的形式。 ②he made a suggestion that we should start at once. his suggestion was that we should start at once. 他建议我们立刻动身。 即境活用 11．recently quite a lot of experts________that another law on wildlife protection________as soon as possible. a．were suggested；must be passed b．have suggested；be passed c．were suggesting；was passed d．suggested；being passed 解析：选b。recently表示＂最近＂在句中作时间状语，句子常用现在完成时；suggest表示＂建议＂讲后跟宾语从句时，从句常用虚拟语气，即sb.(should)do sth.或sth.(should)be done(被动)，其中should可以省略，故选b。本句意为＂最近相当多的专家建议应该尽快再通过一部关于保护野生动物的法律。＂ 2【教材原句】 it was the tallest building in the world until the world trade centre was built in new york in 1972.(p59) 直到1972年纽约建立起世贸大厦，它一直是世界上最高的建筑物。 【句法分析】 (1)该句中until引导的是一个时间状语从句，表示＂直到……＂，当主句谓语动词是延续性动词时，既可用肯定形式也可用否定形式，但意义不同。 ①we discussed the problem until they came back. 我们讨论那个问题一直到他们回来。 ②we didn’t discuss the problem until they came back. 直到他们回来我们才讨论那个问题。 (2)但若主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，则只能用否定形式。 ③his parents didn’t go to bed until he came back. 直到他回来他的父母才上床睡觉。 (3)not...until...表示＂直到……才……＂，常用于两种句式：即倒装句或强调句。 ④the villagers didn’t realize how serious the pollution was until the fish in the river died out. not until the fish in the river died out did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.(倒装句) it was not until the fish in the river died out that the villagers realized how serious the pollution was.(强调句) 直到河里的鱼都死光了之后村民们才意识到污染是多么严重。 即境活用 12．(安徽江南十校模拟)it wasn’t until the cctv spring festival gala(央视春晚)________． a．did the former pop band little tiger reunite b．that the former pop band little tiger reunited c．then did the former pop band little tiger reunite d．when the former pop band little tiger reunited 解析：选b。句意：直到的央视春晚，前流行乐队小虎队才再次组合献艺。此句是含有not until的强调句：it is/was not until...that 原句剩余成分。原句为：the former pop band little tiger didn’t reunite until the cctv spring festival gala.。故选b。