Unit7ampnbspAampnbspChristmasampnbspCarolampnbsp（词汇及知识点）

　　unit7 a christmas carol (词汇及知识点)
　　period 1 words and phrases
　　1. care for
　　1) 喜欢(多用于疑问、否定， 不可用被动。)
　　would you care for a drink? 你想来点喝的吗?
　　2)照料who will care for the house while the family is away?
　　全家人都不在时,由谁照料这间房子呢?
　　区别于care about：介意……，在乎，关心
　　1) he doesn’t care a bit about clothes.
　　2) i don’t care about what he will say.
　　2. fake
　　adj. 假的，伪造的 fake money / diamond
　　n. 赝品 the painting looked old but a recent fake.
　　v. 伪造，冒充；假装
　　he faked my signature to get money from my bank.
　　3. powder
　　gun powder / washing powder
　　4. standard n.
　　the standard of living 生活水准
　　moral standards 道德标准
　　standard time 格林威治标准时间
　　his work was not up to standard. (= below standard)
　　the school set high ~s of behavior for students.
　　5. conscience n.(u. & c. )
　　have a good/clear conscience问心无愧
　　a bad /guilty conscience 感到内疚
　　examine one’s conscience扪心自问
　　according to one’s conscience = in all conscience凭良心
　　①我没有告诉他事实真相，心里决得内疚。
　　i had a bad conscience about not telling him the truth.
　　②a good conscience is a soft pillow.问心无愧,高枕无忧.
　　③a guilty conscience is a self-accuser.做贼心虚.
　　i got nothing to hide. my conscience is clear.
　　我没有什么隐瞒的。我问心无愧。
　　6. anyway adv. =anyhow
　　1) that wasn’t my fault, anyway. 反正那不是我的过错。
　　2) i’ m going anyway, no matter what you say.
　　3) i’ve tried, but i can’t open the door anyway.
　　7. admit admitted
　　vt.承认;准许…进入; 容纳=seat/hold/contain
　　admit sb./sth into /to …允许某人进入…
　　sb./sth. to be adj. 承认…是…
　　sth/ doing 承认…
　　(to sb.) that –clause 向某人承认…
　　1) you must admit the task to be /that the task is difficult.
　　2) though he was admitted into/to a famous university, his parents couldn’t afford the tuition.
　　3) he admitted breaking the window. 他承认打破了窗子。
　　4) no one but ticket-holders was admitted.
　　只有持票者方可入内。
　　5) the theater admits 1000 people.这剧院可容纳一千人。
　　vi. 容许;承认
　　1.) 容许,有余地[(+of)]
　　this matter admits of no delay. 这事不容耽搁。
　　8. clap
　　vt. 1) 拍(手),鼓(掌);为...鼓掌
　　the audience clapped the pianist heartily.
　　听众热情地为钢琴演奏者鼓掌。
　　2.) 轻拍,击[(+on)]
　　he clapped the champion on the back and congratulated him.
　　他拍拍冠军的肩背,向他祝贺。
　　vi. 拍手,鼓掌
　　the chairperson clapped to attract our attention.
　　主席拍手以唤起我们的注意。
　　n. 拍手喝彩(声)[s]
　　they gave the speaker a clap. 他们向演讲人鼓掌。
　　9. abundant adj.
　　1) 大量的;充足的 abundant rainfall (充沛的雨量)
　　2) 丰富的;富裕的[(+in)] = be rich in
　　the country is abundant in natural resources.
　　那个国家自然资源丰富。
　　10. in want of
　　1) the poor woman was in want of food and clothes.
　　这个贫困的妇女缺少衣食。
　　2) there are still many thousands of people in want.
　　仍然有许多人处于贫困之中。
　　类似短语有：in need of in favour of in praise of in face of in search of in hope of in charge of in honour of in memory of
　　in danger of
　　11. badly off --- well off
　　1) because of heavy debts, he is badly off.
　　2) i don’t know when i can be well off.
　　12. occupy vt.
　　1) (常与oneself连用或作被动式)使忙碌,使从事[(+in/with)]
　　she is occupied in writing a novel. 她忙于写小说。
　　he occupied himself with various social activities.
　　他终日从事各种社交活动。
　　2) 占领,占据
　　the enemy soon occupied the town.敌人很快占领了这个城镇。
　　reading occupies most of my free time.
　　阅读占去了我空闲时间的大部分。
　　13. close up
　　the old road is now closed up.
　　close up (暂时)关闭 / down (永久性的或长期的)关闭
　　14. have an eye for
　　have an ear for / have a taste for / have a nose for
　　15. as follows
　　1) the results are as follows, bob 1st, jane 2nd, tom 3rd.
　　2) he explained it as follows. = his explanation was ~.
　　16. ambition n.
　　1.) 雄心,抱负[u][c]; 野心[u][c]
　　her son was filled with ambition to become a great inventor.
　　2.) 追求的目标[c]
　　her ambition was to become a film star.
　　她一心追求的是做电影明星。
　　ambitious adj. 野心勃勃的；有抱负的
　　they are ambitious although they are poor.
　　17. aspiration n. [c, u] (for / after/ to sth.) ( to do sth. )
　　1) he has no aspiration for fame or gain. 他不图名利。
　　2) she has aspirations to become a great writer.
　　homework
　　1. ex. 1&2 on page59-60
　　2. ex. 1&2 on page 195.
　　period 2 reading---a christmas carol
　　step1. revision
　　ask students to translate some phrases and sentences in vocabulary.
　　step2. lead in and speaking
　　i’m sure everyone here knows charles dickens. he was the greatest representative of english critical novelist in the 19th century. he wrote 14 novels and many other short stories in his lifetime. his style was realistic and humors .he gave us a vivid picture of life of ordinary people. his works shows sympathy for the poor.
　　read the speaking material to enable students know about the background of the novel ＂a christmas carol＂.
　　explanations:
　　1. in the race to become rich
　　2. read reports about fake food products
　　3. there are also cases of food polluted with poisons or bacteria.
　　4. scrooge has no friends, except his business partner, marley, who is just like him.
　　5. care for / about
　　6. safety standards
　　7. working conditions
　　8. social conscience
　　step3. reading
　　today we are going to read the novel ＂a christmas carol＂. part1. (beginning---＂scrooge falls asleep＂)
　　1. scan part1 and answer the following question:
　　1) how many people were mentioned?
　　four. scrooge, bob cratchit, fred, a gentleman
　　2. read it again, and answer the following questions:
　　1) when did this story happen?
　　the story happened on the evening before christmas, that is to say, at christmas eve.
　　2) what was ebenezer scrooge? what kind of this man was? which word is he always commenting everything?
　　maybe scrooge was a businessman or a boss. he was such a mean, cold, hard, selfish old man. he cares for nothing but money. he was always commenting everything ＂humbug＂.
　　3) who was bob cratchit? what did he want to do?
　　bob was working for scrooge as a clerk. he wanted to go home to spend christmas day with his family.
　　4) what did the gentlemen want scrooge to do?
　　the gentleman was raising money to buy the poor some meat, drink and other basic needs. he wanted scrooge to open his heart to the poor. but scrooge didn’t agree to it. he would rather make them hungry to death than help them.
　　so all of them left, leaving scrooge alone. he fell asleep. then what happened in his dream?
　　step4. listening (page 56)
　　now let’s listen to a dialogue between marley and scrooge? you know marley? (his business partner)
　　listen to it carefully and finish ex. 2. then finish ex.3.
　　step5. reading (page58)
　　just now his friend told him that santa claus would come. now turn to p58. look at the rest part.
　　1) what’s the typical of santa claus? what does it mean?
　　he always says ＂ho, ho, ho.＂ to make others happy.
　　step6. reading (page61)
　　now santa claus takes scrooge to two scenes.
　　scene1.
　　read this part and fill the blanks.
　　place: the place where scrooge live once lived
　　time: the time when scrooge was young.
　　characters: young scrooge and his girlfriend
　　event: the girl wanted to be separated from scrooge. scrooge cared nothing except money. he felt very uneasy.
　　scene2.
　　read this part and tell:
　　why does mrs. cratchit not want to drink a toast to mr. scrooge?
　　scene3.
　　what happened to scrooge at last?
　　homework
　　1. underline the important structures in the passages.
　　period3-4 language points
　　step1. revision
　　1. check answers to ex.1 on p59.
　　2. check answers to ex.1 on p195.
　　step2. language points
　　reading:
　　phrases:
　　want/have a day off ask for a day’s leave
　　leave sb alone
　　do good to sb
　　bring in profit
　　be in want/need of
　　afford to do sth
　　be badly off
　　believe in
　　at this festive season of the year 在一年中喜庆的季节
　　close up （尤指暂时）关闭；使靠近
　　leave alone 不管；随…去
　　toast to 干杯
　　date back to 追溯到（过去的某个时间）
　　on the contrary 相反
　　have an eye for 关注；能判断；能欣赏
　　sentences:
　　1. frost stands on the window. 窗户上结着霜冻。
　　stand 此处意为＂在某处，位于＂。
　　e.g. a tall poplar tree once stood here. 这儿曾经有过一棵高大的白杨树。
　　2. if i hear another word from you, you will go where it is really cold. 我要是再听你说一句，我就让你到真正冷的地方去
　　本句中where it is really cold 是状语从句，表示地点。
　　means：if i hear another word from you, you will go to the place where it is really cold.
　　e.g. bamboo grows best (in the place) where it is warm and cold.竹子在温暖潮湿的地方长的好。
　　put the raincoat (in the place) where you can easily find it.
　　把雨衣放在你容易找到的地方。
　　3. that’s a poor excuse for picking a man’s pocket every twenty-fifth of december!
　　每年的十二月二十五日掏人腰包，这个借口不充分。
　　poor 此处意为＂不好的，不充分的，不充足的＂。
　　e.g. we had a poor crop of wheat this year.今年我们小麦歉收
　　pick sb’s pocket ---steal money, etc from sb’s pocket 扒窃
　　have one’s pocket picked 遭扒窃
　　e.g. he had his pocket picked in the supermarket.
　　4. anyway i suppose i will have to let you have it. 不管怎么说，我想我会答应你的。
　　anyway 副词，意思是＂无论如何，即使如此(whatever the facts may be; in spite of this)＂。
　　e.g. whatever you say, i’m going anyway. 不论你说什么，无论如何我也要去。
　　5. let me leave it alone, then. 我才不管它呢.
　　leave sb/sth alone/be ---not disturb or interfere with sb/sth 不打扰或不干预某人[某事物]。
　　e.g. i’ve told you to leave my things alone. 我告诉过你不要动我的东西。
　　6. much good may it do you. 愿它能给你带来好处！
　　do sb good = do good to sb ---benefit sb ＂有益于某人＂。
　　e.g. eat more fruit; it will do you good. 多吃水果对你有好处。
　　7. …women and men open their hearts freely and think of other people
　　open one’s heart ＂敞开心扉＂
　　open one’s heart to sb ＂同情；向……讲心里话＂。
　　e.g. mr. smith opened his heart to the poor little boy.
　　史密斯先生对那个可怜的小男孩充满了同情
　　mary felt much better after she opened her heart to her mother.
　　玛丽向母亲讲了心里话之后，感觉好多了。
　　8. …you will celebrate christmas by losing your position.
　　by losing your position 是介词短语作状语，表示方式。
　　e.g. you switch the radio on by pressing this button.
　　按这个按钮就能打开收音机。
　　by working hard he gained rapid promotion.
　　他工作努力因而晋级很快。
　　9. …many of us enjoy abundant comfort
　　abundant¬---more than enough; plentiful　丰富的；充裕的。
　　e.g. we have abundant proof of his guilt.我们有传充分的证据证明他有罪。
　　10. many thousands are in want of basic needs. 有几千人需要基本的必需品
　　in want of sth---needing sth ＂需要某事物＂。
　　e.g. the house is in want of repair. 这所房子需要修了。
　　11. personally, i don’t care. 就我而言，我才不管呢。
　　personally ---as far as i am concerned; for myself 意为＂就我来说，就自己而言＂，
　　e.g. personally, i don’t like him at all.
　　12. my business occupies me constantly.
　　此句中occupy 意为＂使忙碌，使从事＂。
　　e.g. he was occupied with /in writing a novel. 他忙于写小说。
　　occupy 用法小结：
　　1) 占据，充满（时间，空间，某人的头脑等）。
　　e.g. the speech occupied three hours.发言工占去了三个小时。
　　a bed occupied the corner of the room.床占去了房间的一角
　　2)（军事）占领（国家、阵地等）。
　　the army occupied the enemy’s capital. 军队占领了敌国首都
　　3) 占用，占有（房屋、土地等）。
　　e.g. the family have occupied the farm for many years.
　　这家人在农场已居住多年。
　　they occupy the house next door. 他们住在隔壁。
　　4) occupy oneself (in doing sth/with sth) ＂忙着（做某事）；忙（于某事）＂。
　　e.g. how does he occupy himself now he is retired? 他既已退休，都如何打发日子呢？
　　13. they are all gone.他们都走了。
　　gone 此处是形容词，意为＂离开，离去＂，另外，gone 还有＂过去＂之意。
　　e.g. gone are the days when you could buy a three-course meal for under $1.
　　一顿饭吃三道菜不到一美圆，这日子一去不复返了。
　　14. and make it short, because it’s time to close up.
　　close (sth) up ＂（尤指暂时）关闭（某事物）＂。
　　e.g. sorry madam, we’re closing up for lunch. 很抱歉，小姐，我们现在要关门吃饭。
　　he closes the shop up at 5.30.他在5点30分停止营业。
　　close up 还可以指伤口愈合。
　　the cut took a long time to close up.伤口经过很长时间才愈合
　　15. alone is what you are, and what you have been. 你是孤单的，你一直都是孤单的。
　　此句是倒装。alone 是副词，在句中作表语，这里是表语前置；其的主语为what you are 和what you have been.
　　integrating skills:
　　1. these are but shadows of the past. 这些只是过去的影子。
　　but 此处是副词，意为＂只，仅仅＂。
　　e.g. he is but a boy. 他不过是个孩子。
　　i don’t think we can succeed. still we can but try.
　　我想我们不会成功，但是，不妨试一试。
　　2. another idol has taken my place. 另一个偶像取代了我。
　　take sb’s/sth’s place`; take the place of sb/sth
　　e.g. she couldn’t attend the meeting so her assistant took her place. 她不能出席会议，所以由助手替她。
　　nothing could take the place of the family he had lost.
　　他失去了家庭，这一损失是无法弥补的。
　　3. that’s not what life is about! 钱不是生活的全部！
　　what life is about 是从句作表语。
　　4.you only have eyes for money. 你就只爱钱。
　　(only) have eyes for sb/sth. / have eyes (only) for sb/sth 只对……感兴趣；（只）爱恋/喜欢……
　　e.g. in amsterdam, i had eyes only for the rembrandts.在阿姆斯特丹，我只想看伦勃朗的名画。
　　all the girls liked fred, but he had eyes only for helen.
　　姑娘们全都喜欢弗雷德，但是他却只对海伦感兴趣。
　　have an eye/a good eye for… 意为＂对……有眼光＂。
　　he has an eye for the fair and the beautiful. 他有审美眼光。
　　5. you’ve got it all wrong. 你全弄错了。
　　此句中 all 副词，意为＂completely 完全地＂，修饰 wrong；wrong 是形容词，作it 的宾语补足语。
　　6. nobody knows it better than you do, poor fellow. 没有人比你更了解他了，可怜的人。
　　know sb/sth well 对……熟知，对……很了解；do 代指knows。
　　7.be content with: be satisfied with
　　be content to do sth: be willing/ready to sth