高中英语必修5Unitampnbsp1第五课时导学案

　　语法学习 过去分词作定语和表语
　　【学习目标】 学习和掌握过去分词作定语和表语的用法
　　课前预习：
　　find the four sentences in the reading and tell what the past participle are used for.
　　1) doctor john snow was a well-known doctor in london. (attribute)
　　2) john snow told the astonished people in broad street. (attribu te)
　　3) he got interested in the two theories.(predicative)
　　4) neit her its cause, nor its cure was understood. (predicative)
　　用法总结：
　　一　过去分词作定语
　　1.单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前；过去分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰的名词之后，作后置定语，其作用相当于一个定语从句．试翻译：
　　my friend is a returned student. ________________________________________
　　the student dressed in white is my daughter.
　　__________________________________________________________________________
　　= 变为定语从句_______________________＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
　　2.与现在分词作定语的区别
　　过去分词作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在被动关系，或表示动作的完成(不及物动词的过去分词不表被动,仅表完成)；现在分词作定语则表示主动关系，或表示动作正在进行(有时表示经常性的动作或状态)．试翻译：
　　the question discussed was very important. __________________________________________
　　the house standing at the corner of the street was built in 1982. __________________________
　　____________________________________________________________________
　　the risen sun ___________________ the rising sun ______________________
　　the fallen leaves _______________ the sleeping baby __________________
　　二　过去分词作表语
　　1.过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态．这一结构从形式上与被动语态相同，但被动语态强调主语所承受的动作．试比较：
　　the book is well written. ______________________________________
　　the book was written by a soldier. ___________________________________
　　2. 【拓展】你知道下列一组词在作定语和表语和定语时的区别吗？
　　exciting/excited, interesting/interested, disappointing/disappointed, encouraging/encouraged, puzzling/puzzled, surprising/surprised, pleasing/pleased, confusing/confused, moving/moved, terrifying/terrified…
　　试用正确形式填空：
　　the news is __________ (excite).
　　her __________ (excite) voice suggested that she was ___________ (excite).
　　when he heard the ________ (move) story, he was deeply __________ (move).
　　三　语法巩固练习
　　ⅰ单项选择
　　1.his ability _____ in those years was praised by all.
　　a. shown b. was shown
　　c. showing d. be showing
　　2. alice , hurry up. i’m afraid you won’t have time to _____before the party.
　　a. get change b. get changing
　　c. get changed d. get to change
　　3. _____ english is different from _____english in many ways.
　　a. spoken ; written b. spoken ; writing
　　c. speaking ; written d. speak ; write
　　4. if a story is _____ , you’ll become _____ when you read it.
　　a. exciting ; excited b. exciting ; exciting
　　c. excited ; exciting d. excited ; excited
　　5. the flowers look even more _____ after the rain.
　　a. charm b. charming
　　c. charmed d. charmly
　　6. i was trying to get into the _____ bus.
　　a. crowd b. crowding
　　c. crowdy d. crowded
　　7. the _____ girl sat in the corner _____ .
　　a. frightening ; cried b. frightening ; crying
　　c. frightened ; crying d. frightened ; to cry
　　8. don’t use the words , expressions , or phrases _____ only to people with specific knowledge.
　　a. being known b. having been known
　　c. to be known d. known
　　9. the news sounds _____ .
　　a. encouraging b. encouraged
　　c. to be encouraged d. being encouraged
　　10. i often read the books _____ by the writer.
　　a. write b. wrote c. writing d. written