2019届高考英语第一轮单元精练复习教案

　　unit 2　heroes 单元检测
　　ⅰ.完形填空
　　i used to work as a casual (临时的) waitress in a beautiful little restaurant. all i wanted was to put __1__ on everyone＂s face and i usually did this quite easily. i __2__ that it doesn＂t matter what job you have as long as it gives you what you need and as long as you can give __3__ to others.
　　i had been __4__ through a bad period and hadn＂t told anybody except my employer what was happening. somehow a __5__ had overheard my saying that i had to go to sydney. i was __6__ as i had never been there before and didn＂t __7__ anyone there. as i passed her table she handed me a card with her phone number on it. she __8__ that she lived in sydney and said that i could call if i need some __9__.
　　some weeks later, it was time for my __10__ in sydney. i flew there and once i arrived i was at a loss. i decided to __11__ the lady who had given me her phone number, __12__ i had only met her once.
　　she came __13__. she gave me a bed and a warm meal and took me to my appointment the __14__ day. i offered her a gift to say thank you but she __15__. she said ＂your gift for me is to __16__ your help to another when it is needed.＂ over the months we kept in contact and then due to work and other commitments our __17__ got less and less frequent.
　　this week i had a feeling of __18__. yesterday, i learned that she passed away. my heart __19__ to hear of her death but i know what i have to do. i now __20__ my help to others every day even if it is only a smile to those who have none to give.
　　本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。在作者看来，只要工作能给予你快乐、能够给予别人快乐和帮助，做什么工作都没有关系。
　　1．a.anger　　b．worry　　c．smile　　 d．picture
　　【答案与解析】　c　根据上下文的语境可知，作者想让每一个人笑(smile)。
　　2．a.believe b．expect c.explain d.promise
　　【答案与解析】　a　作者认为(believe)……没有关系。
　　3．a.everything  b.anything
　　c．nothing  d．something
　　【答案与解析】　d　这里的语境指给予别人一些东西(something)。
　　4.a.walking b．going c．flying d．stepping
　　【答案与解析】　b　go through＂度过＂和文章的意思一致。
　　5．a.worker b．teacher c．customer d．farmer
　　【答案与解析】　c　作者是餐馆的服务员，所以由此可知这里指顾客(customer)。
　　6．a.scared b.excited c．lucky d.happy
　　【答案与解析】　a　根据下文和相关语境可知，作者吓了一跳(scared)。
　　7．a.recognize b.support c．discover d.know
　　【答案与解析】　d　作者以前从没去过那里，所以不认识(know)任何人。
　　8．a.agreed b.explained c．denied d.admitted
　　【答案与解析】　b　她解释说(explained)她住在悉尼，并且说需要帮助的时候可以给她打电话。
　　9．a.time b.space c.help d.information
　　【答案与解析】　c　根据语境可知，这里指需要帮助(help)的时候。
　　10．a.appointment b.celebration
　　c.activity d.business
　　【答案与解析】　a　根据下文中的＂she gave me a bed and a warm meal and took me to my appointment the __14__ day＂可知。
　　11．a.visit b.beg c.meet d.ring
　　【答案与解析】　d　根据句中的who had given me her phone number可知作者决定给她打电话(ring)。
　　12．a.as if  b.even though
　　c．as long as  d．because
　　【答案与解析】　b　根据上下文的逻辑关系可知，从句部分表示让步。
　　13．a.gradually  b.eventually
　　c．immediately d.properly
　　【答案与解析】　c　根据语境可知，她立刻(immediately)就来了。
　　14．a.first b.next c.last d.other
　　【答案与解析】　b　根据文中情节的发展，这里指第二天(next)。
　　15．a.accepted b.changed
　　c.stopped d.declined
　　【答案与解析】　d　根据此处的语境可知，她没有接受礼物，也就是她拒绝了(declined)。
　　16．a.offer b.show c．lend d．present
　　【答案与解析】　a　她要求作者向其他人提供(offer)帮助。
　　17．a.discussion  b．connection
　　c.communication d.cooperation
　　【答案与解析】　c　由于工作和其他事务，她们之间的交流(communication)越来越少了。
　　18．a.surprise b．sadness
　　c．fear d．pride
　　【答案与解析】　b　根据下文中的＂she passed away＂可知，作者有一种伤心的感觉(sadness)。
　　19．a.jumps b.beats c．moves  d．hurts
　　【答案与解析】　d　根据上文可知，作者很伤心(hurts)。
　　20．a.deliver b．push c.point d．pass
　　【答案与解析】　a　deliver one＂s help to...＂帮助……＂。
　　ⅱ.单项填空
　　1．in my opinion, you are merely ________ than fat. therefore, you needn＂t lose weight.
　　a．shorter b．more short
　　c．less short d．least short
　　【答案与解析】　b　more...than是固定句型，意为＂与其……不如＂。题意：在我看来，你是因为矮才显得胖。因此，你不必减肥。
　　2．he is said________abroad, but i don＂t know which country he studies in.
　　a.to study  b．to have studied
　　c．studied  d．having studied
　　【答案与解析】　b　考查＂sb be said to do...＂句型。根据题意，他去国外学习已是过去的事了，所以应用不定式的完成时。
　　3．sea water ________ plenty of chemicals, salt ________.
　　a．contains; including b．contains; included
　　c．includes; contained d．includes; containing
　　【答案与解析】　b　考查词语辨析。题意：海水中含有大量的化学物质，包括盐。第1个空表示＂包含；含有＂，并且整体和部分之间彼此没有关系，要用contain; salt 与 include 之间是被动关系，故用过去分词形式。如果用including，应写为including salt。
　　4．smoking ________ his lung cancer.
　　a．devotes to b．contributes to
　　c．causes to d．comes about
　　【答案与解析】　b　考查短语辨析。 devote to ＂贡献＂； contribute to ＂是……的原因之一；有利于＂； cause ＂导致＂，后无需跟介词to; come about ＂发生＂，为不及物动词短语。题意：吸烟是他患上肺癌的原因之一。
　　5．it＂s nearly seven o＂clock now. jack ________be here at any moment.
　　a.must b．need c．should  d．can
　　【答案与解析】　c　考查情态动词对将来情况的推测用法。need 不用于表示推测； can 表推测时多用于疑问句或否定句；根据信息nearly seven o＂clock at the moment，可以确定应选择should，意为＂按常理应当＂； must 表示肯定推测。
　　6．johnny, you________play with the knife, you________hurt yourself.
　　a.won＂t; can＂t  b．mustn＂t; may
　　c．shouldn＂t; must  d．can＂t; shouldn＂t
　　【答案与解析】　b　考查情态动词辨析。题意：约翰尼，千万不要玩刀子，你可能会弄伤自己的。第1空选mustn＂t，表示禁止；第2空选 may，表示推测。
　　7．—i＂m sorry. i________at you the other day.
　　—forget it. i was a bit out of control of myself.
　　a.shouldn＂t shout b．shouldn＂t have shouted
　　c．mustn＂t shout d．mustn＂t have shouted
　　【答案与解析】　b　考查＂情态动词 完成时＂的用法。题意：＂对不起，那天我不应该对你大喊大叫。＂＂没关系，我也有点儿失控。＂shouldn＂t   have done表示不应该做却做了某事；而must   have done 表示对过去事情的推测，其否定形式应该用can＂t   have done。
　　8．no decision________about any future appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed.
　　a.will be made  b．is made
　　c．is being made d．has been made
　　【答案与解析】　a　考查时态和语态。题意：直到所有的候选人都面试过以后，才会对将来的任命作出决定。＂决定＂在将来发生，故用一般将来时的被动语态形式。
　　9．he found it increasingly difficult to read, ________his eyesight began to fall.
　　a.and  b．for c．but  d．or
　　【答案与解析】　b　该题考查连词的用法。题意：因为视力开始下降，他发现阅读日益困难了。选项中只有for可以表示理由。
　　10．it＂s really unbelievable! can you ________her swimming across the english channel?
　　a.believe b．imagine c．mind d．think
　　【答案与解析】　b　a、d两项均有较大干扰性，联系空后的her swimming 我们知道，此空选imagine。 imagine doing sth ＂想象做某事＂。
　　ⅲ. 阅读理解
　　the hurt locker won the top two prizes at sunday＂s academy awards, taking home the best picture trophy (奖品) and the best director honor for kathryn bigelow. bigelow is the first woman in the 82－year history of the oscars to earn hollywood＂s top prize for filmmakers.
　　bigelow＂s film, which also won the best picture, follows the dangerous daily existence of an army bomb defusal team (拆弹部队). it earned six oscars, including one for mark boal＂s original screenplay, based on his time as a journalist with such a unit.
　　bigelow was the fourth woman nominated (提名) for the prize, following sofia coppola for XX＂s lost in translation, jane campion for 1993＂s the pain and lina wertmuller for 1975＂s seven beauties. bigelow was the front－runner heading into the academy awards.
　　barbra streisand, director of films including yent and the prince of ticles, walked out on stage to present the prize.
　　＂well, the time has come，＂ streisand said before announcing bigelow＂s win.
　　among those bigelow and the hurt locker beat are ex－husband james cameron and his sci－fi movie, avatar bigelow and cameron were married from 1989 to 1991.
　　the four main acting oscars were handed out as most had predicted, all to first－time winners.
　　sandra bullock won the best actress for her role as a tough－talking southern belle in the blind side and jeff bridges won the best actor award for his role as past－his－prime country singer bad blake in crazy heart.
　　the oscar marks a career (事业) peak for bridges, a beloved hollywood veteran who had been nominated four times in the previous 38 years without winning.
　　1．what does the news story mainly tell us?
　　a．bigelow is the best director in the world.
　　b．the hurt locker won six oscars.
　　c．bigelow was regarded as the best actress.
　　d．the dangerous situation soldiers are facing.
　　【答案与解析】　b　根据＂the hurt locker won the top two prizes＂和＂it earned six oscars＂可知，文章主要讲述了《拆弹部队》获得了六项奥斯卡大奖。
　　2．from the second paragraph we know that mark boal used to be ________.
　　a．a soldier b．a writer
　　c．a reporter d．an actor
　　【答案与解析】　c　根据＂including one for mark boal＂s original screenplay, based on his time as a journalist with such a unit＂可知，mark boal曾是个记者。
　　3．who is the first woman nominated for best director?
　　a．bigelow. b．sofia coppola.
　　c．lina wertmuller. d．jane campion.
　　【答案与解析】　c　根据＂lina wertmuller for 1975＂s ＂可知，她是第一个被提名的。
　　4．which of the following is true according to the passage?
　　a．streisand presented bigelow the prize.
　　b．avatar was directed by bigelow＂s husband.
　　c．streisand once played in the film the prince of ticles.
　　d．three women have won the prize besides bigelow.
　　【答案与解析】　a　根据＂barbra streisand, director of films including yent 1 and the prince of ticles walked out on stage to present the prize.＂可知是streisand给bigelow颁的奖。
　　5．the four actors / actresses who won the acting oscars ________.
　　a．are quite beyond people＂s expectation
　　b．have never won oscars before
　　c．all had been nominated many times
　　d．had acted in the same film
　　【答案与解析】　b　根据＂the four main acting oscars were handed out as most had predicted, all to first－time winners＂可知，这四个演员都没获过奥斯卡奖。
　　ⅳ. 短文改错
　　never shall i forget the first english lesson giving by miss liu. one monday morning, when she entered the classroom, we found out that she was a young and beautiful lady. then she introduced her and said they shouldn＂t call her teacher liu but miss liu. late, she let us go to the blackboard and said something about ourselves in english in turn. when it was my turn, i felt too shy that i didn＂t dare to say anything before the class. she went up to me and said kind, ＂don＂t be afraid, i believe you can do well.＂ at last, i went to the blackboard. she praised me for that i had done.
　　【答案】　1.第1句giving given　2.第2句去掉out
　　3．第3句第1个her herself　4.第3句they we　5.第4句late later　6.第4句said say　7.第5句too so　8.第6句kind kindly　9.第7句well前加it　10.第9句that what
　　ⅴ.书面表达
　　1. 全世界的环境问题变得越来越严峻。请你根据漫画内容和以下要求给china daily写一封信反映这一情况，并提出保护环境的建议。
　　注意：词数120左右。
　　参考词汇：人口膨胀 population expansion
　　过度开发overdevelopment
　　【答案】
　　one possible version：
　　dear editor，
　　environmental problems are becoming more and more serious all over the world. with the development of industry and agriculture, cars make great noises and give off poisonous gas. because of population expansion and overdevelopment, resources have fewer and fewer. trees on the hills have been cut down, and waste water is being poured continuously into rivers. the whole ecological balance of the earth is changing. massive destruction of environment has brought about negative effects and even poses a great threat to man＂s existence.
　　we must face the existing situation and take action to solve our environmental problems. we hope that all these measures will be effective and bring back a healthful environment.
　　yours truly，
　　li hua
　　2． 国际文化交流中心将组织一次由各国学生参加的＂和平•友谊＂夏令营活动，要求报名者提交英文个人简介。假设你是王珊，请根据下列信息写一篇个人简介。
　　姓名王珊性别女
　　年龄16岁学校北京阳光中学
　　其他爱好音乐、摄影；善于与人交流，乐于助人；热爱自然，热爱和平。参加夏令营的目的；结交朋友，了解外国文化
　　注意：(1)词数不少于 120。
　　(2)可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
　　i am a 16－year－old girl by the name of wang shan, and i＂m currently studying in beijing sunshine middle school. my interests include music, and photography, and i believe that communication is the most essential skill and have developed the ability of for communication. my biggest strength is my ability to communicate with others, and i can speak both chinese and english fluently, and am good at speaking even with those who are shy and withdrawn. i look forward to a world of beautiful nature and peace, and i think the most meaningful topic in the world will be war, and dealing with racial discrimination, starvation and protecting the environment.
　　①全文要点齐全，涵盖了题目所要求的个人简介的重要信息；文章层次分明，以姓名 身份 爱好 细节表露 参营目的为顺序，一个兴趣广泛、热爱和平的女孩跃然纸上。②第3段＂i think the most meaningful topic in the world will be war, and dealing with... ＂ 显示了作者着眼看世界的宽阔视野。③语言运用灵活，首段中＂by the name of ＂及currently的恰当运用，摆脱了常规表达模式，较有新意，另外文中essential, look forward to, based on等词与短语的使用，显示了良好的语言功底。
　　my aim for this year＂s summer camp is to make friends and learn more about foreign culture and customs. i wish to be reviewed for acceptance to this year＂s summer camp based on my motivation, skills and personality.
　　thank you for your time.
　　yours，
　　wang shan