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fixed costs造句
31. In this paper, a model of the network with fixed costs is established for the problem of marshalling single group freight trains at technical stations on the main track without constraints. 32. In fact, every company must have a formal designer, the construction budget managers, office staff, personnel expenses, rent utilities fixed costs, advertising costs and profits. 33. The distribution cost comprises four items: fixed costs, transportation costs, inventory holding costs and backordering costs in the supply chain. 34. Fixed costs are those costs which are unaffected by changes in the level of production, for example, the factory rent and depreciation of machinery. 35. Fixed costs provide the capacity to operate at a particular actively level. 36. Controllable income is the excess of contribution margin over fixed costs controlled by the profit center. 37. Discretionary fixed costs arise from periodic ( usually yearly ) budget decisions that reflect top management policies. 38. Nevertheless, as an outcome of planned economy, it met problem of the high relative costs caused by low labor productivity, high fixed costs and high risks during the process of production . 39. Costs which are not affected by the level of activity are fixed costs or period costs. 40. There are fixed costs and there is a gain from increased scale. 41. Certain aspects of a wedding involve fixed costs whether there are ten guests or 1,000. 42. In addition to the fixed costs, there will be a variable monthly fee. 43. All fixed costs become variable in costs in the long run. 44. Fixed costs remain constant in total regardless of activity level. 45. CVP analysis assumes that costs can be accurately divided into fixed costs and variable costs.