Unitampnbsp2ampnbspEnglishampnbsparoundampnbsptheampnbspworld

　　unit 2 english around the world
　　1. more than 与数词连用，意为＂超过，多于＂，相当于over
　　(1) more than one + n 意味＂不止一个＂，虽语意上为复数，但作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
　　e.g. more than one student is clever.
　　(2) more than + adj./adv./v./分词/从句，意为＂不只是，非常，多过……＂
　　e.g. it’s more than friendship, but not love.
　　other than 除了 rather than 而不是
　　2. be different from 与……不同
　　拓展：be different in sth. 在……方面不同
　　tell the difference between a and b 辨别a与b的不同
　　be the same as 与……相同
　　the same…as 表示同类事物
　　the same…that 表示同一事物
　　the same…who/when/where和……相同的……
　　he went back to the same place ____ he had found the ring.
　　a. where b. as c. which d. that
　　3. one another 相互，彼此=each other
　　e.g. tom and ann looked at each other.
　　注：(1)each other和one another是相互代词，两者都意为＂相互，彼此＂，在句中作动作或介词的宾语，但不能做主语。
　　(2)表示两个人或事物之间的相互关系用each other；表示三个或三个以上的人或事物之间的相互关系时，用each other或one another都可以。
　　(3)each other’s和one another’s后面的名词用复数。
　　e.g. dogs biting at each other＂s tails. 狗咬狗
　　4. nearly
　　not nearly (=far from)远非；绝不是
　　辨析：nearly 与 almost
　　almost:表示＂几乎＂＂差不多＂，常用于下列几种情况：
　　(1)与any, no, none, nothing, nobody, nowhere, never等词连用
　　(2)与too, more than等连用
　　(3)和表示感觉或心理活动的静态动词连用
　　e.g. he said almost nothing was interesting.
　　you could almost imagine that you were in denmark.
　　nearly:表示＂几乎，接近，差不多＂，常用于被very, not, pretty修饰时
　　e.g. there is not nearly enough money to buy a new camera.
　　5. voyage, journey, trip, tour
　　易混词辨析例句
　　voyage指＂海上旅行＂或＂航行＂columbus voyaged across the atlantic ocean in 1492.
　　travel＂旅行＂的总称，是不可数名词，其前不加冠词。travel in the mountains can be slow and dangerous.
　　journey指长途陆路旅行，特指＂旅途＂本身。it’s a long long journey till i know where i’m supposed to be
　　trip指短途短期旅行，一般为往返旅行。they made a trip to the lakeside last weekend.
　　tour指＂团队＂观光旅游。也可表示＂巡视＂＂巡回比赛＂或＂演出＂。the band is on tour in china.
　　6.because of
　　(1)because与because of
　　because为连词，后接从句
　　because of为介词短语，后接名词、代词或动名词
　　(2)引导原因状语的介词短语：
　　owing to, due to, on account of, as a result of
　　(3)because, why与that引导的表语从句辨析
　　a. because表示一种动作或状态的根本原因。
　　b. why虽然译成＂因为＂，但实质上表示结果。
　　c. that引导的表语从句表示原因，主语通常是reason或what引导的主语从句。在the reason why…is/was that…结构中，也只能用that引导。
　　e.g. he loves her because she is pretty.
　　she is pretty. that is why he loves her.
　　the reason why he loves her is that she was pretty.
　　7.even if
　　若主句、从句皆表示将来情况，even if从句可用一般现在时代替将来时。
　　e.g. we have decided to visit the museum even if it rains tomorrow.
　　辨析：even if与even though
　　even if从句的内容不肯定；而even though从句的内容则是事实。
　　e.g. he will not let out the secret even if he knows it.他是否知道秘密还不确定。
　　he will not let out the secret even though he knows it.他知道这个秘密。
　　8.come up
　　(1)走近；赶上，上来
　　the coming up spring is full of hope.
　　(2)发芽
　　the seedlings are coming up full and green.
　　(3)（尤指意想不到地）发生
　　i will let you know if any change comes up.
　　(4)被提出讨论，被谈到；引起注意
　　the subject of planting came up in the conversation.
　　(5)（太阳、月亮）升起
　　we watched the sun come up.
　　(6)出席，参加，到场
　　we came up for the party.( total eclipse)
　　9.over prep.& adv.
　　(1)prep 相当于during，意为＂在……期间＂
　　(2)表示时间时，还可表示＂一边……，一边……，正在进行……的过程＂
　　the girls sang over dancing.
　　(3)超过
　　you are over ten.
　　(4)adv. 完了，结束
　　class is over.
　　10. base vt. & n.
　　辨析：base与basis
　　base:表示具体含义，意为＂根基、基础、底座＂
　　e.g. the base of a building
　　basis:表示抽象含义，即＂非物质方面的基础＂
　　e.g. the economic basis 经济基础
　　11.present
　　(1)adj. （前置定语）现在的，当前的；（后置定语）出席的，在场的
　　e.g. did you see the present ceo?
　　did you see the ceo present?
　　be present at 出席，反义词组为：be absent from缺席
　　(2)n. (c)礼物
　　(3)n. 目前，现在
　　e.g. the boy present at the meeting was considering asking his father for a book on the present tense as a birthday present.
　　12. enrich
　　en-+ adj. /n.---- vt. enable, enclose, encourage, enforce, enlarge, ensure, entitle
　　13. make use of
　　take advantage of 利用，趁机，占……的便宜
　　make the best of 指（对不利的条件等）充分利用
　　make the most of 指尽量利用有理的条件
　　14.instead of
　　e.g. they went on foot instead of by bus.
　　instead of的考查主要集中在它连接的平行结构上，即：两个主语，两个宾语，两个状语，两个谓语或两个定语。
　　instead为副词，通常放在句末，在承接上文时，也可放在句首，意味＂代替＂。
　　e.g. we have no coffee, would you have tea instead?
　　15. command
　　have (a) good command of….精通
　　command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事
　　at one’s command 随心所欲地（的）；听从某人吩咐
　　request
　　by request应邀
　　e.g. he attended the meeting by request.
　　request sth. from sb.
　　he commanded that the students ____ the classroom before he returned.
　　a. didn’t leave b. wouldn’t leave c. needn’t leave d. not leave
　　虚拟语气：一个＂坚持＂insist（坚持要求）
　　二个＂命令＂order, command
　　三个＂建议＂suggest, propose, advise
　　三个＂要求＂demand, request, require
　　从句用should +do, should可以省略。
　　suggest作＂表明，暗示＂讲、insist 作＂坚持认为，坚持说＂讲时，其后的宾语从句用陈述语气。
　　e.g. his blush suggested that he liked the girl.
　　the boy insisted that he didn’t like the girl.
　　16. such和so 用法小结
　　(1) such与no, all, most, some, any, another, many, much, a few, few, little, a little, several, one等词连用时，such应置于这些词之后。
　　(2)so与many, much, few, little等词连用时，so应置于这些词之前。
　　e.g. there are many such books on sale in the bookstore.
　　there are so many books on sale in the bookstore.
　　17. way
　　in…way/by…means/with…method
　　18. recognize
　　recognize that clause
　　sb./sth. + to be…
　　sb. /sth. as…
　　they recognized her to be a super star.
　　= they recognized her as a super star.
　　= they recognized that she was a super star.
　　易混词辨析例句
　　recognize指原来熟悉，经过一段时间的间隔或其他原因后重新认出来，是终止性动词。although they hadn’t seen each other for 20 years, they recognized each other at first sight.
　　know延续性动词，指相互之间十分熟悉和了解。i have known him for 20 years.