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南京博物院的宋元瓷器

宋元时代

宋朝结束了长期群雄割据的局面,政治开明,社会矛盾缓解,工商业兴盛,文化科技发达,社会步入了新的发展时期。南宋时,扬州成为控扼江淮的军事要地,江南地区社会相对安定,成为全国的经济重心。稻麦两熟制推广,粮食产量远超前朝,时谚有云:“苏湖熟,天下足”丝麻棉业生产逐渐专业化,髹漆工艺不断提升,商品远销海外。江南地区出现了以苏州、江宁为代表的手工业重镇和新兴商业中心。镇江位于长江和大运河的交汇点,是江南运河的起点,承担着太湖和钱塘江地区漕粮、贡赋的中转重任,成为南北要冲。城市人口大增,商人地位提高,市民阶层出现,市井生活多彩多姿。元代,扬州是“十二省治所之”苏州、南京和松江成为全国的丝织业和棉纺业中心,仅南京城内的丝织工匠就多达两万人。文人书画艺术勃兴,出现了黄公望、倪瓒等一代大师,影响深远。

影青釉盏托

Shadowy blue porcelain saucer

Song Dynasty

白釉托盏

Greenish white glazed porcelain teacup with saucer

Song Dynasty

白瓷盏托

连云港市海州出土

White glazed porcelain saucer

Song Dynasty

Unearthed from Haithou District, Lianyungang City

耀州窑青釉刻花三足瓷炉

北宋中期

Celadon glazed porcelain incense burner with incised decoration and three legs, Yaozhou Yao

Middle Northern Song

青釉三足瓷炉

Celadon porcelain incense burner with three feet

Song Dynasty

青釉划花三足瓷炉

Celadon glazed porcelain incense-burner with decoration carved in the paste

Song Dynasty

青釉瓷罐

Celadon glazed porcelain Jar

Song Dynasty

青釉瓜形瓷壶

南宋

Melon-shaped celadon glazed porcelain pot

Southern Song

青釉小瓷洗

Celadon glazed porcelain Xi

Song Dynasty

青釉瓷水盂

Celadon glazed porcelain Shuiyu

Song Dynasty

青绿釉小瓷洗

Bluish green glazed porcelain Xi

Song Dynasty

黑釉葫芦瓷瓶

Black glazed porcelain vase

Song Dynasty

建阳窑兔毫碗

Black glazed porcelain teacup, Jianyang Yao

Song Dynasty

酱色釉瓷缸

北宋

Dark reddish brown glazed porcelain jar

Northern Song

黑釉双耳瓷罐

北宋

Black glazed porcelain jar with two ears

Northern Song

黑釉小执壶

Black glazed porcelain ewer

Song Dynasty

建阳窑瓷碗一组

Porcelain bowls, Jianyang Yao

吉州窑瓷器一组

Porcelains wares, Jizhou Yao

瓷器

江苏全省各地都有批元代瓷器出土,其中扬州、镇江、南京、徐州、苏州等地尤多。主要瓷器品种可分为青釉瓷器(以龙泉窑系为主体),枢府釉瓷器,以及影青、蓝釉、青花、釉里红瓷器。而磁州窑、钧窑、赣州窑烧造的瓷器亦有出土。

龙泉青釉大罐

Celadon jar, Longquan ware

Yuan Dynasty

钧窑瓷碗

Porcelain bowl, Jun Yao

Yuan Dynasty

钧窑瓷碗

Porcelain bowl, Jun Yao

Yuan Dynasty

钧窑瓷梅瓶

Porcelain prunus vase, Jun Yao

天青釉加紫立耳炉

Sky blue glazed porcelain incense-burner

Yuan Dynasty

钧窑大瓷盘

Porcelain plate, Jun Yao

Yuan Dynasty

青釉瓷大碗

celadon glazed porcelain bowl, Jun Yao

Yuan Dynasty

钧窑瓷鸡心罐

Porcelain jar, Jun Yao

Yuan Dynasty

钧窑撇口瓷盘

Porcelain plate, Jun Yao

Yuan Dynasty

钧窑瓷碗

Porcelain bowl, Jun Yao

Yuan Dynasty

钧窑瓷盘

Porcelain plate, Jun Yao

Yuan Dynasty

钧窑撇口瓷盘

Porcelain plate, Jun Yao

Yuan Dynasty

钧窑小瓷碗

Porcelain bowl, Jun Yao

Yuan Dynasty

粘附匣钵钧窑瓷碗

Porcelain bowl, Jun Yao

Yuan Dynasty

钧窑大瓷碗

Porcelain bowl, Jun Yao

Yuan Dynasty

钧窑小瓷碗

Porcelain bowl, Jun Yao

Yuan Dynasty

钧窑瓷碗

Porcelain bowl Jun Yao

Yuan Dynasty

钧窑瓷盘

Porcelain plate, Jun Yao

Yuan Dynasty

钧窑瓷碗

Porcelain bowl, Jun Yao

Yuan Dynasty

青釉双环耳瓷瓶

Celadon glazed vase with two ears

Yuan Dynasty

青釉竹节三足小瓷炉

Celadon glazed incense-burner with three feet

Yuan Dynasty

白釉镂空瓷座

上海市青浦县任氏墓出土

White glazed porcelain stand

Yuan Dynasty

Unearthed from the tomb of Renshi, Qingpu Country, Shanghai City

白釉双耳瓷瓶

上海市青浦县任氏墓出士

White glazed porcelain vase with two ears

Yuan Dynasty

Unearthed from the tomb of Renshi, Qingpu Country, Shanghai City

白釉镂空瓷座

上海市青浦县任氏墓出土

White glazed porcelain stand

Yuan Dynasty

Unearthed from the tomb of Renshi, Qingpu Country, Shanghai City

白釉双耳三足瓷炉

上海市青浦县任氏墓出士

White glazed porcelain binaural incense-burner with three feet

Yuan Dynasty

Unearthed from the tomb of Renshi, Qingpu Country, Shanghai City

白釉模印花云雁瓷大碗

上海市青浦县任氏墓出土

White glazed porcelain bowl

Yuan Dynasty

Unearthed from the tomb of Renshi, Qingpu Country, Shanghai City

白釉模印缠枝菊花瓷碗

上海市青浦县任氏墓出士

White glazed porcelain bowl

Yuan Dynasty

Unearthed from the tomb of Renshi, Qingpu Country, Shanghai City

白釉印花折腰瓷碗

上海市青浦县任氏墓出土

White glazed porcelain bowl with stamped decoration

Yuan Dynasty

Unearthed from the tomb of Renshi, Qingpu Country, Shanghai City

青釉菊花瓣瓷大碗

上海市浦县任氏墓出土

Celadon glazed porcelain bowl

Yuan Dynasty

Unearthed from the tomb of Renshi, Qingpu Country, Shanghai City

元代遗珍

元朝,兴修水利、鼓励农耕、重视手工业、刺激商贸、整治河运、开拓海运,大江南北的经济得到了全面的恢复与发展。北方瓷窑继续发展,南方瓷窑不断创新,创造了许多精美的产品。棉花种植的推广促进了棉织业的发展,棉布成为百姓的基本衣料。金银的采冶为金银手工业的发展奠定了基础,尤其以长江下游及环太湖流域的金银制造业独领风骚,涌现了一批名匠和名品。江苏的制玉业在全国也占有重要地位。

青釉五嘴瓷盖罐

Celadon glazed porcelain covered jar with five tubes

Song Dynasty

定窑白釉划花大碗

White glazed porcelain bowl with carved design, Ding Yao

Song Dynasty

窑变天青釉鼓式洗

Sky blue glazed porcelain Xi in the shape of drum

Song Dynasty

白釉瓷灯盏

White glazed porcelain oil-lamp

Song Dynasty

绿釉陶灯

北宋

Green glazed pottery oil-lamp

Northern Song

磁州窑黑花草叶纹长腹瓷瓶

Porcelain bottle with floral design in black, Cizhou Yao

Song Dynasty

磁州窑白地黑花瓷碗

Porcelain bowl with floral design in black, Cizhou Yao

Song Dynasty

白釉黑花小瓷钵

White glazed porcelain Bo with floral design in black

Song Dynasty

白釉黑花瓷缸

White glazed porcelain jar with floral design in black

Song Dynasty

白釉兽面足瓷炉

Greenish white glazed porcelain incense burner

Song Dynasty

影青瓷炉

南京市江宁区徐伯通墓出土

Shadowy blue porcelain incense-burner

Song Dynasty

Unearthed from the tomb of Xu Botong,Jiangning District, Nanjing City

白釉瓷灯

White glazed porcelain oil-lamp

Song Dynasty

影青瓷熏盖

南京市江宁区徐伯通墓出土

Shadowy blue porcelain cover of a incense-burner

Song Dynasty

Unearthed from the tomb of Xu Botong Jiangning District, Nanjing City

影青瓷粉盒、香熏一组

Shadowy blue porcelain powder boxes and incense-bumpers

Song Dynasty

影青奁盒

Shadowy blue porcelain dressing case

Song Dynasty

市民风尚

宋元时期,随着江南城市经济的繁荣,市民阶层不断壮大。从王公贵族到贩夫走卒,从文人雅士到市井小民,生活方式不同,品位各异,极大地刺激了茶坊、酒肆、勾栏、戏园等场所的繁荣发展。百戏颇受欢迎,种类繁多,有杂技、魔术、驯兽、角抵等。蹴鞠相当普遍,民间还出现了蹴鞠的社团。城市夜生活丰富多彩,“夜市直至三更尽,才五更又复开张”。文人士大夫则喜欢饮酒斗茶、吟诗作画,热衷金石收藏。

青釉堆贴盘龙划花莲荷纹瓷瓶

Celadon glazed porcelain vase with embossed coiling-dragon-shaped decoration and carved design of lotus

Song Dynasty

酱色釉陶罐盖

Dark reddish brown glazed pottery cover of a jar

Song Dynasty

白釉黑花瓷罐

White glazed porcelain jar with floral design in black

Song Dynasty

黄釉小瓷罐

Yellow glazed porcelain Jar

Song Dynasty

定窑白釉瓷盖罐

White glazed porcelain covered jar, Ding Yao

Song Dynasty

影青提梁小壶

Shadowy blue porcelain swing-handled teapot

Song Dynasty

青绿釉瓜楞形盖罐

北宋

Bluish green glazed porcelain covered jar

Northern Song

绿釉刻花瓷枕

北宋

Green glazed porcelain pillow with incised decoration

Northern Song

吉州窑赭彩菱形纹瓷枕

北宋

Porcelain pillow, Jizhou Yao

Northern Song

白釉划花瓷枕

White glazed porcelain pillow with decoration carved in the paste

Northern Song

白釉划花桃形瓷枕

White glazed porcelain peach-shaped pillow with decoration carved in the paste

Song Dynasty

白釉黑花瓷枕

北宋

White glazed porcelain with floral design in black

Northern Song

青釉模印花纹瓷碗

Celadon glazed porcelain bowl

Song Dynasty

青釉划花瓷碗

Celadon glazed porcelain bowl with decoration carved in the paste

Song Dynasty

影青白釉葵瓣口瓷碗

南宋

Shadowy blue porcelain bowl

Southern Song

梅子青莲瓣瓷碗

南宋

Plum green porcelain bowl with lotus petal pattern

Southern Song

青釉荷叶形瓷碟

南宋

Celadon glazed porcelain plate in the shape of lotus leaf

Southern Song

白釉盖罐

北宋

White glazed porcelain covered jar

Northern Song

青釉小罐

青釉撇口莲瓣碗

青釉钵

青釉划花瓷瓶

Celadon glazed porcelain vase with carved design

Song Dynasty

青釉多嘴带盖瓷罐

Celadon glazed porcelain covered jar with tubes

Song Dynasty

白釉黑花瓷镜盒

White glazed porcelain mirror box with black floral design

Song Dynasty

青釉堆花瓷瓶

Celadon glazed porcelain vase with embossed decoration

Song Dynasty

白地黑花开光童子莲雁纹瓷枕

White glazed porcelain pillow with black design of a boy, lotus and a wild goose

Song Dynasty

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