Myampnbspfavoriteampnbspsportampnbspskiing教案

　　my favorite sport skiing教案
　　一、章节分析
　　（一）综述
　　本章节主要语法---情态动词是表示说话人的情绪,态度或语气等，本身有一定的词义，这一点与实义动词相近，但情态动词不能单独作谓语, 只能辅助其他动词构成谓语。本章节语法教学要让学生对情态动词的基本含义，及用法有基本的了解。
　　（二）目标
　　讲解几个重点和较为常用的情态动词的相关用法。
　　（三）教学方法
　　口语情景教学法。（教师创设情境，通过对于课文和日常生活的谈论，在口头表达之中加操练态动词的运用）
　　（四）重点和难点
　　a部分的情态动词must, have to, should, ought to
　　二、教学设计（teaching designs）
　　教学内容教学实施建议教学资源参考
　　lead –in 1.warming up
　　present the students with the situation in which people must do sth and mustn`t do sth at a swimming pool.
　　《牛津英语》课本
　　practice在进行了短暂热身练习之后，教师可以将更多其他常用的情态动词展现给学生。
　　can, could will, would
　　may, might shall, should
　　understanding modal verbs by doing more practice:《牛津英语》课本
　　exercises and homework教师自编题目和书后练习结合操练《牛津英语》课本
　　本单元的语法部分重点情态动词有：
　　can, could will, would need, have to, must
　　may, might shall, should，
　　我们在教学过程中，可以参考课文中的一些句型或者练习册中得内容
　　[链接1]
　　说明：
　　这是一份关于情态动词的教案。
　　teaching procedures:
　　step one:
　　present the students with the situation in which people must do sth and mustn`t do sth at a swimming pool.
　　examples:
　　1. excuse me, you must not smoke
　　2.you must not pe
　　3.you must not flight.
　　4.you must wear a swimming costume
　　5. you must shower before entering
　　step two:
　　(在进行了短暂热身练习之后，教师有意识地将书中其他使役情态动词have to, ought to, ought not to 的用法呈现给学生。)
　　1. ＂have to＂ practice present students with exercise a2, asking them to make a dialogue
　　a.m.rockysmiley and moaner
　　4:00get upget up
　　4:15run six milescycle with rocky
　　6:30swim 1 kmswim with him
　　7:30eat a big breakfastprepare his food
　　8:00restplan rocky`s training
　　s1: when does rocky have to get up in the morning?
　　s2: he has to get up at 4a.m.
　　s1: what do smiley and moaner have to do while rocky is running?
　　s2: they have to cycle with rockey.
　　2. ＂ought to, ought not to＂ practice (p10)
　　s1: ought he to throw his racket in the air?
　　s2: no, he ought not to throw his racket in the air.
　　s1: ought he be rude to his opponent?
　　s2: no, he ought not to be rude to his opponent.
　　(这部分是按照书上的情景对话，让学生在情景中自然的使用了情态动词，这种练习比较生活化，对学生来说也比较简单，但是还不足以掌握情态动词的更加深入的用法，所以在下一个步骤，教师有必要将主要的情态动词做系统讲解。但是要把握难易度，不易太难。)
　　step three: basic use of model verbs
　　1）表示义务。意为＂必须＂（主观意志）。
　　1.we must do everything step by step.
　　2.you mustn’t talk to her like that.
　　3. --must we hand in our exercise-books now?
　　--no, you needn’t. / no, you don’t have to.
　　mustn’t是＂不许＂、＂决不能＂的意思，不是＂不必＂。因此在例3中否定回答用needn’t
　　2）表示揣测。意为＂想必、准是、一定＂等，只用于肯定句。否定句往往用can’t，因为mustn’t是＂不许＂，＂决不能＂的意思。
　　1. he must be ill. he looks so pale.
　　否定：he can’t be ill. he is so energetic.
　　2. carol must get very bored in her job. she does the same thing every day. 。
　　否定： carol can’t be very bored in her job. she does different things every day.
　　对过去发生的事情表示揣测。
　　i’ve lost one of my gloves. i must have dropped it somewhere.
　　practice:
　　1. come on! we __________ hurry because there isn’t much time left.
　　a. may b. must c. can d. need
　　2. amy did best in the english test. she __________ hard last week.
　　a. must have worked b. should have worked
　　c. should work  d. must work
　　keys: 1. b 2. a
　　must表示主观意志，而have 重在客观因素。但有时候must和have to 可以互换。
　　1. she’s a really nice person. you must meet her.
　　2. i haven’t phoned ann for ages. i must phone her tonight.
　　practice:
　　translation:
　　1. 他的视力很差，不戴眼镜无法读书。
　　his eyesight isn’t very good. i have to wear glasses for reading.
　　2. 好长时间没有给ann联系了，我今晚必须给她打个电话。
　　you can’t turn right here. you have to turn left.
　　总结：must基本用于现在时，除在间接引语中可用于表示过去时间外，其它情况用＂have to＂。
　　1. should
　　1) should表义务。意为＂应该＂（某件事宜于做），用于各种人称。语气没有must强烈。
　　you should be polite to your teachers.
　　you shouldn’t waste any time.
　　2）表推测，意为＂想必一定、照说应该、估计＂等。
　　the film should be very good as it is starring first—class actors.
　　they should be home by now.
　　3) 表看法或建议
　　the government should do more to help homeless people.
　　do you think i should apply for the job?
　　4）表期待
　　she’s been studying hard for the exam, so she should pass.
　　there are plenty of hotels in the town. it shouldn’t be difficult to find somewhere to stay.
　　2. shall
　　1. shall i/we do sth …?= would you like me to do sth
　　2. shall he/ they…?
　　shall 用于第一人称，表示征求对方的意见。用于二;三人称,表说话人给对方的
　　命令,警告,允诺或威胁.
　　practice:
　　1. he _____ be punished if he keeps on cheating in exams.
　　a.should b. must
　　c. shall d. will
　　2. ____ i fetch some chalk for you, mr. smith?
　　a.can b. may
　　c. should d. shall
　　keys: 1. c 2. d
　　1）表示能力，could主要指过去时间。
　　two eyes can see more than one.
　　could the girl read before she went to school?？
　　2）表示可能（理论上或是逻辑判断上）。
　　the temperature can fall to –60 , that is 60  below freezing.
　　he can’t (couldn’t) have enough money for a new car.
　　3）表示允许。
　　can i have a look at your new pen?
　　he asked whether he could take the book out of the reading-room.
　　4）表惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。
　　where can (could) they have gone to?
　　how can you be so careless? 你怎么这么粗心？
　　5）比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法。
　　can (could) you lend me a hand?
　　i’m afraid we couldn’t give you an answer today.
　　practice:
　　1. he _____________flee europe before the war
　　broke out.
　　a. could b. was able to c. a & b
　　2. –could i borrow your dictionary?
　　--- of course you ______.
　　a. could b. will c. can d. should
　　keys: 1. b 2. c
　　1）表允许，might可以指过去时间，也可指现在时间，语气更委婉。
　　you may take whatever you like.
　　he told me that i might smoke in the room.
　　2）表可能（事实上）。might可以指过去时间，也可以指现在时间，但语气更加不肯定。
　　he may be at home.
　　she may not know about it.
　　practice:
　　translation:
　　1．老板不在办公室，他可能在打高尔夫球。
　　the boss isn’t in the office. he might be playing golf.
　　2. 刚才走过去的人可能是你的叔叔。
　　the man who passed by might be your uncle.
　　4. consolidation (more practice about model verbs)
　　translation:
　　1．我们家里有足够的食物，不需要买什么了。
　　2你前日没必要把车卖掉，没钱你可以找我借嘛。
　　3．我们都知道她错了，但没有一个人敢对她说。
　　4. 你怎么敢这么跟我说话?
　　5. 那个餐馆肯定不错，总是顾客盈门。
　　key for reference
　　1. we have enough food at home so we needn’t go shopping now.
　　2. you needn’t have sold your car. you might have come to me for money.
　　3. we all knew she was wrong, but none of us dared to tell her.
　　4. how dare you speak to me in such a way.
　　5. that restaurant must be very good. it’s always full of people.