XX届高考英语必修1 unit 3 顶尖复习学案 unit 3 travel journal 游记 核心词汇 1．after the flood，many things have been ____________(运送)to the flooded area. 2．i think you don’t know your own ____________(缺点)．in fact，no one is perfect. 3．he is so ____________(顽固的)that nobody can change his mind. 4．we shouldn’t have a wrong ____________(态度)towards the students who are poor at their studies. 5．my grandfather is unhealthy all the time，but he isn’t interested in life ____________(保险)． 6．the new bridge has been finished two years ahead of ____________(日程)． 7．we are looking for someone who is ____________(可靠的)and hardworking. 8．we tried to p____________ him to give up smoking，but he just wouldn’t listen. 9．he is a ____________ young man.once he has made up his mind，nothing can change it.he is famous for his ______________.(determine) 10．children should learn to behave ____________ because ____________ words and behaviours will help them to reach their ambitions.in other words，if a person always behaves ____________，he will find it hard to realize his dream.(proper) 1.transported 2.shortcomings 3.stubborn 4.attitude 5.insurance 6.schedule 7.reliable 8.persuade 9.determined；determination 10.properly；proper；improperly 高频短语 1．________________ 从那以后 2．________________ 喜爱；喜欢 3．__________________ 关心；忧虑；惦念 4．________________ 改变主意 5．________________ 下决心；决定 6．________________ 投降；屈服；让步 7．________________ 照常 8．________________ 在午夜 9．________________ 在某处或某一时刻 10．________________ 张贴；搭建 1.ever since 2.be fond of 3.care about 4.change one’s mind 5.make up one’s mind 6.give in 7.as usual,8.at midnight 9.at one point 10.put up 重点句式 1．___________ middle school，my sister wang wei and i have____________ taking a great bike trip. 从高中起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直梦想作一次了不起的自行车旅行。 2．____________ my sister __________ first had the idea to cycle along the entire mekong river from where it begins to where it ends. 首先想到沿湄公河从源头到终点骑车旅游的是我的姐姐。 3．____________ she didn’t know the best way of getting to places，she ______________ she organize the trip properly. 虽然她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这次旅游安排得尽善尽美。 4．when i told her the air would __________________ and it would be very cold，she said it would be an interesting experience. 当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸困难而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。 5．____________ she has made up her mind，nothing can change it. 她一旦下了决心，什么也不能使她改变。 1.ever since；dreamed about 2.it was；who 3.although；insisted that 4.be hard to breathe 5.once 知识详解 1.prefer vt. 更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物) (回归课本p17)which kind of transport do you prefer to use：bus or train? 你更愿意用哪种交通工具：汽车还是火车？ 11
[归纳拓展] [例句探源] ①the majority of people interviewed prefer tv to radio. 大多数接受采访的人都喜欢看电视而不喜欢听收音机。 ②i prefer walking to cycling. 我喜欢步行更甚于骑自行车。 ③i would prefer that you (should)not mention my name. 我希望你不要说出我的名字。 ④he prefers to stay at home rather than go shopping. 他宁可呆在家里也不愿意去逛商店。 [即境活用] 1．even on a cold day he prefers________out to play football________at home. a．going；rather stay b．going；to staying c．to go；rather than staying d．to go；rather than to stay 解析：选b。此题考查prefer doing sth.to doing sth.结构。 2.persuade vt. 劝说；说服 (回归课本p18)two years ago she bought an expensive mountain bike and then she persuaded me to buy one. 两年前，她买了一辆昂贵的山地车，然后说服我也买了一辆。 [归纳拓展] [例句探源] ①i persuaded her into giving up that foolish idea. 我劝她放弃了那个愚蠢的想法。 ②i finally persuaded him out of smoking/not to smoke. 我最终说服了他戒烟。 ③(牛津p1482)it will be difficult to persuade them that there is no other choice. 很难让他们相信别无选择。 ④he tried to persuade me to give up smoking，but in vain. 他尽力劝服我戒烟，但是没有用。 [即境活用] 2．完成句子 (1)不要被说服买你实际上并不需要的东西。 don’t let yourself ________ ________ ________buying things you don’t really need. 答案：be persuaded into (2)她劝我不要放弃工作，离开家人。 she ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________the job and leaving the family. 答案：persuaded me out of giving up (3)我还不能完全信服这个计划的优点。 i am still not fully ________ ________ the plan’s advantages. 答案：persuaded of 3.determine vt.& vi. 决定；确定；(使)下定决心 (回归课本p18)she gave me a determined look－the kind that said she would not change her mind. 她给了我一个坚决的表情——那种表明她不会改变主意的表情。 [归纳拓展] [例句探源] ①(牛津p545)a date for the meeting has yet to be determined. 会议日期尚待确定。 ②the teacher’s encouraging words determined him to study harder.老师令人鼓舞的话使他决心更加努力学习。 ③we determined on an early start/(that)we’d make an early start.我们决定早些出发。 [即境活用] 3．完成句子 (1)no matter what happens，she has ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(决定把真相说出来)． 答案：determined to tell the truth (2)i left the place，________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(决定再也不回来了)． 答案：determined never to come back again 4.view n． 风景；视野；观点；见解 vt. 观看；注视；考虑 (回归课本p22)to climb the mountains was hard work but as we looked around us，we were surprised by the view. 爬那些山是很辛苦的事情，但当我们环顾四周的时候，我们对那里的景色感到吃惊。 [归纳拓展] [例句探源] ①(牛津p2243)in my view，it was a waste of time. 依我看来，那是浪费时间。 ②the view from the top of the hill is wonderful. 从山顶上眺望，风景真美。 ③in view of the weather，we will cancel the outing. 因天气关系，我们要取消此次郊游。 ④(牛津p2243)how do you view your position within the company? 你如何看待自己在公司中的位置？ [即境活用] 4．i would like to buy a house which has a(n)________over the sea. a．image b．view c．sight d．scenery 解析：选b。view眼界，视野。句意：我想买一座房子，从这座房子可以观赏到海景。image形象；意象；sight视野，强调视域本身；scenery不可数名词，风景、景色的总称。 5．(XX年淄博模拟)after so many days on the way，even charles cheered up at the________of the food. a．look b．sight c．view d．appearance 解析：选b。后半句句意：甚至charles看到食物也振作起来了。at the sight of看到；look看；view风景；观点；appearance外表。 5.give in 屈服；投降；让步；上交 (回归课本p18)finally，i had to give in. 最后，我只能让步了。 [归纳拓展] give in to sb.对某人让步 give away 赠送；泄露，出卖 give off 放出；散发出(液体、气体、气味、热量、能量、光、声音等) give out 分发；用完，消耗尽，筋疲力竭 give up 放弃，戒掉；停止；认输；把……送交 [例句探源] ①he would rather die than give in. 他宁死不屈。 ②he has given in to my views. 他被迫接受了我的观点。 ③please give your work in before monday. 请在星期一之前把作业交上来。 ④(朗文p641)she gave away all her money to the poor. 她把所有的钱都捐给了穷人。 ⑤the eggs were giving off a bad smell. 鸡蛋发出臭味。 [即境活用] 6．if a person has not had enough sleep，his actions will give him________during the day. a．away b．up c．in d．back 解析：选a。本题考查动词短语。句意：如果一个人没有充足的睡眠，在那一天中，他的行为举止总会显露出来的。give away(不经意地)泄露，符合句意。而give up放弃；give in屈服；give back归还，均不符合题意。 7．________he is determined to do something，no one is able to persuade him to________. a．as soon as；give away b．although；give in c．as long as；give out d．once；give up 解析：选d。once一旦；give up放弃。句意：一旦他决定要做什么事，没有人能劝说他放弃。 6.change one’s mind 改变主意 (回归课本p18)she gave me a determined look－the kind that said she would not change her mind. 她给了我一个坚决的表情——那种表明她不会改变主意的表情。 [归纳拓展] make up one’s mind 下决心，决定 bear/keep...in mind 记住 have...in mind 考虑；打算 call/bring sth.to mind 回忆起某事 fix one’s mind upon 把注意力集中在…… [例句探源] ①nothing could change his mind，so the meeting ended. 什么也不能使他改变主意，因此会议结束了。 ②(朗文p958)have you made up your mind what to do yet? 你已经拿定主意做什么了吗？ ③(朗文p958)you must bear in mind that their customs are very different to ours. 你必须记住，他们的风俗习惯跟我们的大不一样。 [温馨提示] make up one’s mind要根据具体人称来确定mind的单复数形式。 [即境活用] 8．though they met with much difficulty，the team________ to go on with the experiment. a．changed their minds b．made up their minds c．took their minds d．gave their minds 解析：选b。句意：尽管他们遇到很大困难，这个队下定决心继续做实验。 句型梳理 1【教材原句】 when i told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold，she said it would be an interesting experience.(p18) 当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸困难而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。 【句法分析】 在句子＂i told her the air would be hard to breathe＂中的to breathe是动词不定式的主动形式，但却表示被动意义。 ①as far as i know，he is easy to get along with. 据我所知，他很容易相处。 ②it’s a difficult question to answer. 这是个很难回答的问题。 ③harry potter is interesting to read. 《哈利•波特》读起来很有趣。 [即境活用] 9．i like getting up very early in summer.the morning air is so good ________. a．to be breathed b．to breathe c．breathing d．being breathed 解析：选b。句意：在夏季我喜欢早点起床。能呼吸到早上的新鲜空气真好。to breathe 在句中作状语，和主语the morning air之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。在形容词good，easy，difficult，comfortable，heavy，expensive 等词后常用不定式作状语，主动表被动。故选b。 10．(XX年高考四川卷)in many people’s opinion，that company，though relatively small，is pleasant________. a．to deal with b．dealing with c．to be dealt with d．dealt with 解析：选a。考查非谓语动词。英语中，某些作表语的形容词，常用动词不定式的主动形式作状语。be pleasant to deal with意为＂处起来融洽＂。 2【教材原句】 once she has made up her mind，nothing can change it.(p18) 她一旦下定决心，就没有什么能改变(她的心意)。 【句法分析】 once在此处为从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为＂一旦……就……＂。 ①once you understand the rule，you will have no further difficulty.你一旦了解了这个规则就不会感到困难了。 ②once you show any fear，he will attack you. 一旦你表现出恐惧，他就会攻击你。 ③once you form a bad habit，it’s very difficult to get rid of it. 一旦养成了坏习惯，你就很难改掉它。 [即境活用] 11．(XX年高考北京卷)________ they decide which college to go to，students should research the admission procedures. a．as b．while c．until d．once 解析：选d。此题考查状语从句连词。once＂一旦……就……＂，表示条件。 12．(XX年高考山东卷)the school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day，________accompanied by an adult. a．once b．when c．if d．unless 解析：选d。考查连词。句意：＂学校规则规定：除非有大人的陪伴，否则任何孩子白天都不允许出校门。＂ 作文指导 如何写好简单句 优化句式是指在写作过程中要注意句式的变化，避免平铺直叙，罗列事实。真正优秀的文章应做到长短句搭配合理，主、被动准确运用，适当穿插倒装、强调、比较等特殊句式，并能够恰当使用连接成分以确保各句之间紧密衔接，从而使文章错落有致，如高山流水般顺畅。 简单句指的是只包括一个主语和一个谓语的句 子。英语中简单句的基本结构主要有以下5种： 1．主语 不及物动词(s v) the door bell rang./she sat down. 2．主语 系动词 表语(s v p) the flowers are(smell)sweet./mother isn’t in at the moment. 3．主语 及物动词 宾语(s v o) who can answer this question？/columbus discovered america. 4．主语 动词 间接宾语 直接宾语(s v o o) my uncle gave me a camera./i’ll give you something to eat. 5．主语 及物动词 宾语 补语(s v o c) she painted the walls light green./i smelt something burning 以上5种基本结构是英语句子的＂主干＂结构，所有的句子，不管多么复杂，都是主干结构的扩展和延伸。 反过来说，不管你组建什么样的句子，你必须从＂主干＂开始构建，也就是必须严格遵循语法规则，这是英语作为一种＂形合语言＂的最基本要求。 【佳句选粹】 ①i now declare my decision. ②i，who am a senior of the english department，now declare my decision that i will run for the chairman of the students’ union. 【分析】 第①句的基本结构是＂主语 谓语 宾语＂。为了让读者了解更多的信息，第②句在第①句＂主干＂结构的基础上增加了一些＂枝叶＂成分。主语＂i＂后增加了一个who引导的非限制性定语从句，宾语＂my decision＂后增加了一个同位语从句，这样，该句就在原有的基础上扩充了＂我是谁？＂和＂我的决定是什么？＂两方面的信息。