Unitampnbsp8（Reading）TheampnbspOlympicampnbspGames

　　人教版高一英语（上）教案unit 8（reading）the olympic gamesunderstanding of the teaching material(语篇分析)本单元以世界性的体育盛会 olympic games 为话题，旨在通过本单元的教学，使学生了解奥运会的起源、宗旨、比赛项目以及古现代奥运会的异同。学会用英语表达自己的兴趣爱好以及如何向别人推荐某一种爱好，同时培养学生对体育运动的爱好。本单元课时安排：the 1st period: warming up and listeningthe 2nd period: speakingthe 3rd period: readingthe 4th period: readingthe 5th period: language studythe 6th period: integrating skills teaching objectives：一．learning objectives: ability objects： 1.foster the ss’ ability of comprehending passages ,especially their ability of analyzing the structure of such kind of articles. help the ss learn how to scan the text and get detailed information2.offer the ss chances of self-culture by working in groups and seeking information about helen thayer’s of traveling alone to the antarctica .3．enable the students to conclude helen thayer’s qualities by reading the context and find the suitable words to describe her . 4.learn to describe people 5. learn to write an essay about people knowledge objects:1.help the ss further understand the passage and finish the relevant tasks correctly. and enable the ss to master the grammar of subject-verb agreement .2.learn the usages of the following words and phrases: inspire, admire ,increase , value ,optimistic adj. 乐观的,generous adj. 慷概的；大方的be about to do. 即将，正要做某事,around the corner. 很近 struggle through. 艰难地渡过 find…doing. 发现---处于（状态） increase to.增加到come to terms with 甘心忍受（不愉快的处境） rise to fame 出名 lead…to… 通向，导致etc. 3．.and help the ss talk about the reason why they admire helen thayer .let them have strong wills and determination .二． emotional goals：学习奥运会的知识，培养学生热爱体育运动。学习更快，更高，更强的奥运精神，培养学生团体合作、努力拼博、积极向上的精神。文化意识了解奥运会，培养全球意识，认识世界一体化以及国际合作的趋势；通过对比古现代奥运会，加深对奥运会的了解。
　　teaching approaches:1. task----based teaching method to finish the teaching assignment. 2. activity---based teaching class work  inpidual work  group work 3 .fast reading to find out some general information . 4.careful reading to find the details in the passage. 5.questions and answers for inducing. 6.inductive method to make the ss understand the text better. teaching difficult points：1. . help the ss talk about the reason why they admire helen thayer .let them have strong wills and determination 2．know helen thayer’s qualify and describe her in the ss’ own words . 3．to learn agreement teaching aids(略)。teaching procedures: period 3 & 4readingstep 1 : warming up step1.revision 1. an dictation of the new words learned yesterday. 2.questions:t: what can you think of at the sight of the following pictures ?good . the olympic games. in the last period i asked you to get as much information about olympic games as you can ,now let’s see what you know about the olympic games? 大洋洲非洲美洲亚洲欧洲asiaeuropeamericaafricaoceania 象征着世界五大洲的友谊the five rings stand for the friendship of five continents
　　(1) how often are the olympic games held?ss :the olympic games are held every four years . (2) when and where did the ancient olympic games begin?ss: the ancient olympic games began around the year 776bc in greece . (3) what games did they compete at the time ?ss : some of the games the young man competed were running, jumping and wrestling . (4)when and where did the first modern olympic games happen?ss: the first modern olympic games happened in 1896 in greece . (5)how many countries and competitors took part in the games ?ss : there were over 10,000 athletes from 227 countries taking part in the games . (6) how many gold medals did the chinese athletes get in the 27th olympic games in sydney?ss: in the 27th olympic games in sydney , the chinese team got 28 god medals . (7) what about the 28th olympic games in athens in XX ?ss: we won 32 gold medals that year and came second in the games.(8) why do people say that china won another great competition in XX ?ss: because china will host the 29th olympic games in beijing in XX . (9)what’s the slogan for the XX olympics? slogan for XX olympic is ＂one world, one dream!＂ (10) do you know the mascots(吉祥物) for the XX olympic games? the five mascots are officially called the five friendlies. they are beibei, the fish; jingjing, the panda; huanhuan, the olympic flame; yingying, the tibetan antelope; and nini, the swallow. the first syllables from their two-syllable names form a line that reads ＂beijing huanying ni＂, or in english – ＂welcome to beijing＂. the mascot’s colours were chosen in line with the colours of the olympic rings.step2. pre-readingt: today we will learn a passage about the olympic games .first let’s discuss some questions in pre-reading . you will discuss these questions with your partner then i’ll ask some of you to report your work .are you clear ? now who’d like to answer the first question ? volunteer ! (1)is it important to win in a sports match? why or why not?(2)are the olympic games important to our society? why?step3 reading task1 .skim the text and decide where in the text the questions below are answered. t: you have done very well ,now let’s learn about the further information about the olympics . please read the text fast and then answer the following questions .1.do the summer olympics and the winter olympics happen at the same time ?2. when did the old olympic games begin? what were the old olympic games like? 3. when were the first modem olympic games held? 4. how many gold medals did carl lewis win in the 1984 olympic games?5. what does the olympic motto mean? how many athletes took part in the XX olympic games? 6. how many different events are there in the 27th olympic games ?give some examples . 7.what’s the competition ,which is not for a medal ? t: ok. now let’s check the answers . the first q .task 2. scanning 1. sum up every paragraph in one sentence t: how wonderful work you’ve done ! now read the passage again ,this time ,try to obtaina general understanding of the whole passage .while reading ,try to find out the main idea of each paragraph .t: now let’s sum up every paragraph in one sentence . the first paragraph . para1:the olympics are held every four years para2: something about the old olympic games para3: something about the olympics in modern times and the 27th olympic games. para4the olympic motto and something about the track stars: carl lewis and the chinese team in sydney olympics. para5: beijing will host and is making preparation for the 29th olympic games. t: well done ! i think you’ve read your text very well and carefully . now we have known that the reading gives a brief summary of the history of the olympic games and its development over the years .it also emphasize the sprit of the games and describe china’s success in resent olympic games .3. try to get the information of the following numbers.t: what do the following numbers in the text refer to ?1). every four years 2). 776 bc 3). 393 ad 4).1896 5). XX(27,28) 6). XX t: who＂d like to have a try ? well done !possible answers :1). both the summer and winter olympic games are held every four years. 2). the ancient olympic games began around the year 776 bc in greece. 3).after about the year 393 ad the olympic games stopped. 4).the first modern olympic games happened in1896.  5). in XX, the 27th olympic games were held in sydney. the chinese team got 28 gold medals. 6). in XX, the 29th olympic games will be held in beijing. task3 .true or false questions t: please listen to the tape while looking at the sentences on the screen, you are asked to decide whether the following statements are true or false .①( t ) in the early olympic games, only men were allowed to compete and watch the games. ②.(f )the motto of the olympic games is ＂faster,higher,further＂. ( ＂faster, higher, stronger＂ ) ③.( f )carl lewis won 3 gold medals in the 1984 olympic games. ( four gold medals) ④.( f )the 27th olympic games were held in los angeles. ( in sydney) ⑤.( f )the 28th olympic games will be held in beijing. ( ＂the 29th in beijing.＂ or ＂the 28th in athens .＂ ) ⑥ ( f ) the winter olympic games are held every three years . ( every four years) t:you ＂ve finished ?good let＂s check the answers .key: t:1 f :23456step4 careful-reading1.choose the correct answers according to the text t: now you are asked to read the passage carefully and finish the following exercises. please choose the correct answers according to the text.① which of the following is correct about the olympic games?
　　a the first modern olympic games took place around the year 776 in greece.
　　b all the women athletes were not allowed to take part in the old olympic games
　　c 311 competitors from 13 countries took part in the old olympic games
　　d the olympic games were never forgotten even though they were stopped for centuries
　　②. ____ are the old games in which the athletes competed in the old olympics
　　a sailing and shooting b running and horse-riding
　　c jumping and wrestling d shooting and running
　　③. how many countries joined 9in the first modern olympic games?
　　a 311 b. 227 c. 300 d. 13
　　④. which of the following is not mentioned in the text?
　　a. when the old olympic games stopped
　　b. why the old olympic games stopped
　　c. whether women were allowed to take part in the old olympic games.
　　d. where the 27th olympic games were held.
　　⑤. which of the following is not true according to the text?
　　a. women were unfairly treated around 776bc
　　b. horse-riding isn’t included in the olympic games
　　c. every athlete tries to win a medal in the olympic games
　　d. china is very strong in gymnastics and ping.
　　⑥. what does ＂another great competition ＂ refer to?
　　a. the XX summer olympic games
　　b. the XX winter olympic games in salt lake city in the usa
　　c. the competition between countries to host the olympic games.
　　d. the football world cup in south korea.
　　⑦. which could be another title for the text?
　　a. the summer olympic games
　　b. the winter olympic games
　　c. the world’s greatest sports games
　　d. a great victory for china
　　⑧. which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
　　a. the chinese team was the second strongest in the 25th summer olympic
　　b. in barcelona men athlete won more than 4 gold medals for the chinese team
　　c. the olympic games stopped in 193 ad because of corruption(腐败) and cheating
　　d. now many countries compete to hold the olympics because they can benefit a lot from the games
　　⑨. what will happen in XX?
　　a the 28th olympic games will be held
　　b the 30th olympic games will be held
　　c the olympic games will be held in beijing
　　d the winter olympic games will be held
　　⑩. why do countries compete to host the olympic games?
　　a hosting the olympic games is considered to be an honor for a country
　　b the host country will certainly win more gold medals
　　c the athletes of the host country do not have to travel abroad
　　d hosting the olympic games makes a country very rich
　　keys: d c d b b c c d d a 2. ask the ss to listen to the tape and read aloud the text .t: let＂s listen to the tape of the passage carefully and understand it further. i＂ll play it twice. the first time i play it ,just listen. when i play it for the second time, you can read the text after it .next we＂ll learn some language points together .step5 language points:
　　1. every four years athletes from all over the world take part in the olympic games.
　　every ＂每…＂every+基数词+n.(pl.)=every+序数词+ n.(单数)每两年(每隔一年): every two yearsevery second year每三行(每隔两行): every three linesevery third linethat country competes with other countries for world market.＂每隔一…＂ 还可用 ＂every other + n.(单)＂ every other year＂每隔几…＂, 用 ＂ every + few + n.(pl.) ＂ every few metersevery few lines高考题: these plants are watered_____.b
　　a. each other day b. every other day c. each of two days d. every of two days
　　每隔一天every second/ other day , every two days
　　every adj. 与数词或few, other连用，表示＂每,每隔＂表示时间或空间的间隔.具体用法:
　　every+基数词+复数名词(cardinal number n.基数)every+序数词+单数可数名词(ordinal number序数.如, first,third等)
　　每年 every year 每两年/每隔一年 every two years/second year 每三年/每隔两年every three years/ third year
　　我每隔两天( 每三天)到那儿去一趟.
　　i go there every three days/third day.
　　每隔六小时吃一次药
　　take the medicine every six hours.
　　every other + 单数名词 ＂每隔一＂every other day/ year / line 每隔一天/年/行
　　every +few +复数名词 ＂每隔几＂every few meters 每隔几米
　　高考题: these plants are watered_____.b
　　a. each other day b. every other day c. each of two days d. every of two days
　　每隔一天every second/ other day , every two days
　　2. some of the games in which the young men competed were: running, jumping and wrestling. compete: vi. 竞争,比赛(1).compete withagainst sb for sth ＂为了…与…竞争＂eg: we should compete with other competitors .competitor-n. ＂竞争者＂competition-n. ＂竞争,比赛＂that country competes with other countries for world market.(2).compete in ＂参加…比赛＂eg: he competed in a race. game, match 与competition
　　game多用与美国英语,match 多用于英国英语,指非正式的比赛多用game, 指预先安排好的比赛多用match, game常指有一定的规则,决定胜负的脑力或体力方面的竞技, match 多指网球,足球,高尔夫球等运动项目的比赛,competition强调通过个人的体力,智力或技能等的竞赛而获取名次的各种比赛.
　　他赢了头两场比赛,但输了第三场.
　　he won the first two games but lost the third.
　　他们与另一所学校进行了一场足球赛.
　　they played a football match against another school.
　　她在选美比赛中获得了第二名.
　　she took the second place in the beauty competition.
　　compete vi.竞赛,竞争
　　compete in 在某一方面竞争
　　compete for 为 而竞争
　　compete with/ against 与 竞争
　　有多少运动员参加马拉松赛跑？
　　how many runners will be competing in the marathon?
　　那两队都要争当冠军
　　the two teams compete for the championship.
　　他相信没有人能与他抗衡
　　he believed that nobody could compete with him.
　　competition
　　competitor
　　3. the first olympic games in modern times happened in 1896.
　　in modern times在现代 in old/ancient times在古代
　　特例 in shakespeare’s time = in the time of shakespeare 在莎士比亚时代
　　times 时代，时期，境况，日子
　　这些年你过得很苦吗
　　have times been hard for you these years?
　　时代变了，我们不应该落伍
　　times have changed, and we shouldn’t fall behind them.
　　这是当代速度最快的计算机
　　it is the fastest computer of modern times.
　　times 表示 倍数，次数
　　为了环境的改善问题他们已经争吵过多次了
　　they quarreled with each other about the improvement of environment many times.
　　这个房间是那个房间的三倍
　　this room is three times as big as that one.
　　关于time的用法:(1). c. ＂时代＂ ,常用复数.eg: in ancient times times are different.  times have changed.(2). u. ＂时间＂  c.＂次数＂ (当表示＂一段时间＂时,可以与＂a＂连用) on time ＂按时＂all the time ＂一直＂ for a time ＂一段时间＂at one time ＂一度＂at a time ＂每次＂in no time ＂立刻,马上＂in time ＂及时＂after a time ＂一段时间之后＂4. women were not allowed to take part in the games.
　　allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事，相当与let sb. do sth.
　　名词/代词
　　allow+ sb. to do sth. (sb. be allowed to do)
　　doing sth.
　　我们不允许在此吸烟
　　we don’t allow smoking here.
　　我的父母不允许我在外面呆得太晚
　　my parents don’t allow me to stay out late.
　　我们不被允许在学校聚会
　　we are not allowed to have a party at school.
　　练习
　　he is said to _____ to his country because a new president comes into power. （a）
　　a. be allowed to return b. allow to return c. allow returning d. be allowed returning
　　allow v. 允许，准许allow sb. to do sth. ＂准许…做…＂ allow doing sth.＂准许做…＂(1).准你进房间。you are allowed to enter the room.(2).我们不允许吸烟。we don’t allow smoking in the office.5. further—far的比较级, 可表示距离和程度, ＂较远的地, 更进一步的地, 更进一层的地＂ farther—far的比较级, 只能表示距离, ＂较远的地＂eg: we will further discuss it. 我们将进一步讨论这个问题. we went further into the forest. 我们往森林深处走去. further education 深造,进修6. in sydney the chinese team got 28 gold medals, ranking the third of all the competing countries.
　　ranking… 现在分词作结果状语。现在分词（短语）可在句子中作时间状语，原因状语，方式或伴随状语，结果状语等，逻辑上的主语通常是主句的主语。
　　eg. 1) 听到这个消息，他高兴的跳起来了 (时间状语)
　　hearing the news, he jumped with joy.
　　2) 由于不知道他的电话号码，我无法打电话给他 （原因状语）
　　not knowing his telephone number, i can’t ring him.
　　3)他跑着到我们这边来了（伴随或方式状语）
　　he came running towards us.
　　4) 那孩子跌倒了，头撞到了门上（结果状语）
　　the child fell, striking his head against the door.
　　5)我乘的火车6点出发，10点到达上海 （补充说明，相当于and arrived）
　　my train started at six, arriving in shanghai at ten.
　　ranking third of all competing countries… ----现在分词做结果状语 现在分词还可以做原因状语,伴随或方式状语和并列状语eg: being blind, he couldn’t see an elephant? 由于是瞎子,他看不到大象 the boys jumped up and down, crying with joy. 孩子们上下跳个不停,高兴地叫着.  the train starts at four o’clock, arriving at beijing at 6o’clock. 火车4点出发,6点到达北京. 7. history-making ＂历史性的＂ 复合adj. n-现在分词  数词-n  数词-n+ed eg: (1) grass-eating animals 食草动物  paper-making factory 造纸工厂 english-speaking countries 说英语的国家(2) five-star friends 五星级的朋友  a five-year-old boy (3) three-legged chair a one-eyed creature 一只眼的怪物8. the people of beijing, and of the whole country, will be preparing to light the olympic torch to welcome athletes and sports fans from all over the world.
　　prepare 准备,常用于下面的结构：
　　prepare sth. 准备某物
　　prepare for sth. 为某事做准备
　　prepare to do sth. 准备做某事
　　prepare sb for sth/ to do sth 使某人准备好做某事
　　be well prepared for sth./ to do sth. 为做某事做好了准备
　　妈妈在厨房准备晚饭 ,而我在为晚饭做准备
　　mother is preparing dinner in the kitchen, while i am preparing for the dinner.
　　我们在为即将到来的考试做准备
　　we are preparing for the coming exam.
　　你必须教他准备面对困难
　　you must prepare him to face the difficulty.
　　prepare 名词preparation
　　为… 做准备 in preparation for (介词短语)
　　她买了一件外套以备冬天穿
　　she bought a new coat in preparation for winter.
　　为… 做准备 make preparations for
　　我们已经为即将来临的考试做了准备
　　we have made preparations for the coming exam. prepare v. 准备，预备prepare sth. ＂准备…＂prepare for ＂为…而做准备＂prepare to do sth. ＂准备做…＂prepare sb for ＂使…最。..有思想准备＂eg: the teacher is preparing his lessons.  mother was preparing us supper. you should prepare for the examination. the teachers should prepare the students for college entrance examination preparation n. 准备；预备 ,准备工作；准备措施make preparations for…in preparation for…will you please help me make preparations for the party?
　　9. being the host of the olympic games will have good and bad effects on the host city.
　　have an effect (effects) on/upon 对… 有影响/ 起作用
　　我的话对她不起作用
　　my words had no/little effect on him.
　　当学生会主席对她的学习有一定的影响
　　being chairman of the students’ union has certain effect on her study.
　　step6:post-reading task 1: group work ( group of 4) to discuss the following topics and they can choose whichever they are interested in talking about. topic 1. what is the sprit of the olympic games? what can you learn from it?  topic2. do you agree that ＂ faster, higher, stronger＂ is a good motto not only for sports but also for life in general? why?  topic3. is it important to win in a sports match? why or why not?  topic4. discuss the causes and the effects of some serious problems of the olympics and think of the possible solutions. task 2: debate hosting the olympic games is a great honour and a great responsibility. being the host of the olympic games will have good and bad effects on the host city. work together and write down some of the effects.t: ok . now let’s come to part 3 post –reading . who can tell us the advantages and disadvantages of hosting the olympic games ? ( possible version:  good effects 1. showing the level of science and technology of our country 2. people will know more about china they will invest their money in our country. so they will bring great benefits to the people of our country. 3. it will improve the friendship between chinese people and the people of the world.  bad effects 1. more pollution 2.disturbing people’s daily life more or less. 3. wasting some of our money in the building. the opinion about the advantages and disadvantages  i think the good effects are much greater than the bad effects. everything has its side-effect. the main problem is which is greater. step7 summary and homework1. in this period, we have learned the text ＂the olympic games＂.now please make a brief summary about the history of the development of the olympics using the information in the text 2．homework for today :1)recite the last paragraph of the text . 2)make sentences with the verbs we’ve learned today . 3)preparations : language study on page 54and practising on p 128.