高考英语单元知识点复习Unitampnbsp15Unitampnbsp18

　　unit 15-unit 16
　　提纲挈领
　　单 元
　　考查重点及热点
　　unit 15
　　单词voluntary annual acknowledge elder breathless dizzy eyesight weekly beneficial communist satisfaction eager worthwhile timetable starve adjustment jeans uniform shopkeeper recent whereas possess
　　短语straight away fit in with due to
　　句型1.before引导的状语从句2.it seems likely that...和it is likely that...
　　unit 16
　　单词barber accountant adviser typist receptionist greengrocer astronaut outstanding salary occupation instant shortly nevertheless drawback applicant addition modest arithmetic paperwork
　　短语in touch with up to date hold back send off
　　句型1.every time引导时间状语从句2. ...immediately when...
　　unit 15理解：要点诠释
　　单词1.eager讲：adj. 热切的；渴望的；渴求的。可以用作定语和表语。常见结构:be eager for sth.be eager to do sth.例:she is eager for(=wants very much to get)her parents’ approval.她渴望得到父母的赞许。everyone in the class seemed eager to learn.班上的每个人都热爱学习。we are eager to go on vacation.我们都急切地想去度假。练:the lecturer had prepared a difficult examination paper,and he was_______ to see how this student would answer the questions.a.sure b.worried c.glad d.eager提示:本句话的意思为＂演讲者准备了一份难答的试卷，并且急于想知道他的学生会怎样回答。＂答案:d2.starve讲： v. (使)挨饿；饿死常见短语:starve to death饿死starve sb./sth.of sth.使某人(或某物)得不到所需要的starve to do sth.渴望做某事starve for sth.渴望得到例:the animals were left to starve to death.那些动物只能等着饿死。the travelers get lost in the mountains and starved to death.游客在山中迷了路，饿死了。the new job doesn’t pay so much but we won’t starve.新工作的工资不多，但我们不至于挨饿。when is food?i’m starving!饭什么时候好？我快饿死了！the blockade was aimed at starving the country into submission.封锁旨在断绝这个国家的经济来源，以迫使它屈服。the department has been starved of resources.这个部门一直缺少资金。链接·提示 go hungry为系表结构的短语，表示＂挨饿＂。练:she’s_________ herself to try to lose weight.a.starving b.making c.taking d.letting提示:本句话的意思为:她试图通过节食来减肥。starve在此的意思为＂使某人挨饿以迫其做某事＂。答案:a3.worthwhile讲：adj.值得的；值得花时间、钱或精力的，可以用作定语或表语。结构:be worthwhile doingbe worthwhile to do例:this is a worthwhile experiment.这是一项值得花时间做的实验。it isn’t worthwhile going/to go there now.现在去那儿是不值得的。链接·提示 注意比较worth(不作定语be worth doing),worthy（不作定语，be worthy to be done;be worthy of being done）。练:it’s ________the trouble to explain a job fully to new employees.a.worthy taking b.worthwhile takingc.worth to take d.worthy of taking提示:根据句子的意思和词语的固定用法得出答案。本句话的意思为＂给新雇员详细解释一下工作要求，费点事也是值得的＂。答案:b
　　短语1.due to讲:due to为表原因的介词，＂由于＂的意思，后跟名词或代词。例:the project failed due to lack of money.那项计划因资金不足而失败。his delay is due to the fact that the car went wrong halfway.他耽误是因为车在半路上坏了。the accident is due to your careless driving.这次事故是由于你粗心造成的。链接·提示 表示原因的介词短语还有:because of,thanks to,on account of,owing to。练:if you_______ be in time for the early bus,be sure to get up before five o’clock in the morning.a.are to b.are about toc.are going to d.are due to提示:本题考查几个表示将来的结构区别。be to do＂意欲做＂；be about to＂刚要＂；be going to＂计划打算＂；are due to＂预定做某事＂。根据句子的意思＂一定五点前起床，就是想必须赶上早班公共汽车＂可得出答案。答案:a2.fit in with讲：fit in with的意思为＂与……相适合；与……相协调＂。例:she doesn’t fit in with the rest of the class.她和班上的其他同学相处得不好。he’s never done this type of work before;i’m sure how he’ll fit in with the other employees.他以前从未做过这种工作，我不知道他是否能与其他雇员配合好。链接·提示 fit in 适合；使……贴合；fit out备置；fit up装置；fit up with把……装置，布置房间。练:do these plans________ your arrangements?a.fit in b.fit upc.fit up with d.fit in with提示:本句话的意思为＂这些计划与你的安排一致吗？＂，根据短语意思得出答案。答案:d
　　句型1.before引导的状语从句讲:注意观察下面教材原句:...but it was about sixty years before people started to buy jeans for fashion as well as for work.……但是过了60年人们才开始既为了赶时髦，又为了工作买牛仔裤。before用作连词，引导时间状语从句时，有以下意思:(1)在……以前；(2)到……为止；到……之前；(3)以免；不然；(4)宁可；宁愿。例:did she leave a message before she went?她走之前留言了吗？before i made a decision,i thought carefully about it.我作的决定都是再三考虑的。it may be many years before the situation improves.这种状况或许要过许多年才能得到改善。it was some time before i realized the truth.过了很长一段时间我才了解到真相。put that away before it gets broken.把它收好，免得砸碎了。i’d die before i apologized to them.我宁死也不向他们道歉。链接·提示 before的最本质的意思为＂在……之前＂，其他都是引申意思，所以在使用时一定注意主从句之间的逻辑关系，不要仅仅从汉语意思上去考虑。练:(1)(XX湖北黄冈调研) —it’s a long time__________i saw you last.—yes,and what a pity it is now that it will be a long time__________we see each other again.a.before;since b.since;whenc.since;before d.when;before提示:本题考查状语从句连词的用法。句型it+be+时间段+since...的意思为＂自从……已经多久了＂。句型it+be+时间段+before...的意思为＂在……之前还会多久／过多久才会……＂。答案:c(2)(XX北京东城期末) —why didn’t you try your best to get on the bus?—i tried to,but_________ i could,it started moving.a.until b.when c.before d.after提示:本题考查状语从句的连词用法。从语境分析，此处用before引导状语从句，表示＂在……之前＂发生的动作。本句话的意思为＂我还未来得及，车就开了＂。答案:c2.it seems likely that...和it is likely that...讲:注意观察下面教材原句:it seems likely that they will remain part of international youth culture for many years to come.看来很有可能在今后许多年里，它们(牛仔裤)还将继续成为世界上青年文化的一部分。it seems likely that...和it is likely that...表示＂很有可能……＂。相当于it is possible that...。例:it is likely that it will rain soon.也许马上就要下雨。he is likely to come this afternoon.今天下午他可能要来。it is highly likely that he will succeed.他非常可能成功。链接·提示 it is likely that...句型可以用简单句形式sb. is likely to do sth.替换，但要注意主语应该和that从句的主语一致。练:(1)the plane was _________to arrive 9:30,but was an hour late.a.certain b.likely c.supposed d.about提示:本题考查句型结构中的词语辨析。根据句子的意思分析，此处用supposed，构成be supposed to do sth.，表示＂原本应该＂。答案:c(2)he’s not got another job yet and it’s not________ he will for some time.a.likely b.easily c.nearly d.lonely提示:从句子的意思可以看出，此处用likely，构成句型结构it’s likely that...，表示＂很可能……＂。答案:a
　　辨析persuade sb. to do,advise sb. to dopersuade sb. to do sth.=persuade sb. into doing sth.意思是＂说服(劝说)某人干了某事＂,advise sb. to do sth.=try to persuade sb. to do sth.意思为＂试着说服某人干某事＂,但不一定 成功。即时练习:(1)she finally________ her husband to give up smoking.(2)i tried to________ him to change his mind,but he wasn’t willing to do so.(3)the doctor________ me to have a holiday,but i am too busy.(4)though she had different ideas about the proposal,we________her to accept it.答案:(1)persuaded (2)persuade (3)advised (4)persuade诱思：实例点拨【例1】(XX辽宁模拟) i walked in our garden, ________tom and jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees.a.which b.when c.where d.that提示:由句子的结构可知，填上一个词之后逗号后面应是一个非限制性定语从句，再根据先行词和所需意义即可作出正确选择。答案:c讲评:根据引导词在定语从句中的句子成分来确定引导词。关系副词where在定语从句中作地点状语。【例2】(XX重庆模拟) it is known to all that________ you exercise regularly,you won’t keep good healthy.a.unless b.whenever c.although d.if提示:unless除非；whenever无论何时；although尽管；if如果。题意:众所周知的是:除非你进行有规律的锻炼，否则你不会保持身体健康。答案:a讲评:此处是主语从句中复合句引导词的选用，表示you won’t keep good healthy的条件，注意肯定和否定应该由句子意思确定。