本周的欧中峰会——欧盟与中国新领导层的首次峰会（指2013年11月20－21日举行的第十六次中国欧盟领导人会晤——本网注）——可能是新的、雄心勃勃的欧中关系的开始。但是，这将注定是个艰难的历程。目前，中国在《伙伴关系与合作协定》谈判中止步不前，而且中方提出的投资协议能否将双方关系向前推进还有待观察。照例，中国领导人将会极力讨价还价，因此欧中将很难就新协议达成共识。
本周早些时候，欧日峰会发表了空前详细的联合声明——双方都强调了贸易和安全议题：欧盟支持通过外交手段解决东亚领海争端，峰会还向缔结自由贸易协定迈出了新的一步。然而这些对话，都是在日本参与另一个主要贸易协定谈判下进行的——即美国发起的跨太平洋伙伴关系。
这些事件显示出，欧盟亟需制定一个更为大胆的亚洲政策。在新一期欧洲对外关系委员会的政策简报中，作者Francois Godement认为欧洲应该制定一个新亚洲战略，它应是坦率的、有雄心的，关键是要针对该地区的。此战略应包含如下内容：
发展欧亚伙伴关系（EAP）：欧盟关注于双边贸易合作是远远不够的。欧洲应该提议建立一个区域贸易投资协议，并欢迎中国加入，来与美国主导的跨太平洋伙伴关系协定竞争。否则，欧盟将可能失去进入该地区日益扩张的市场的机会。
关注地区能源安全：为了在经济上取得成功，亚洲需要新的能源资源。欧洲应该把提升能源安全放在优先位置并采取以下措施：同亚洲共同发起限制进行经济制裁和抵制，提议签署通航权利协定（与自由航行权相对）、共同开发资源以及共同监管专属经济区的协议。
建立欧洲对亚洲的军售共同战略：由于地区军备竞赛，军售在亚洲正蓬勃发展，而欧洲是其中的一个主要出售者。欧洲对维护亚洲安全稳定的作用，远比想象中的重要得多。但是，由于缺少一个共同策略，欧洲对该地区的影响力不断被削弱。
“欧洲的亚洲政策与自身的发展趋势不相符。亚洲对来源于西方的多边安全机制和国际仲裁不感兴趣，因此欧盟应该放弃向亚洲输出自己的战后冲突解决模式。相反，欧盟应重点通过鼓励该地区国家相互妥协，同时通过不断增长的对亚洲的军售，在亚洲安全事务中扮演更为关键的角色.”——Francois Godement
（“第一智库”网初步翻译，仅供参考）
Divided Asia: The implications for Europe
This week’s EU-China summit – the first between the EU and the new Chinese leadership – could be the beginning of a new, ambitious relationship between the EU and China. But it’s going to be an uphill struggle. China has stalled on a Partnership and Cooperation Agreement and it remains to be seen whether the proposed investment deal is a step forward. As usual, the Chinese leadership will drive a hard bargain, so a new EU-China deal will be hard to reach.
Earlier this week the EU-Japan summit has delivered an unprecedentedly detailed joint statement – both in terms of trade and security: the EU will support diplomatic initiatives to defuse tensions in maritime East Asia, and the summit also marks a new step towards the conclusion of a Free Trade Agreement. But these talks are under the shadow of Japan""""s other main trade negotiation – the US-backed Trans Pacific Partnership.
These events illustrate the need for a bolder European policy towards Asia. In a new ECFR policy brief, “Divided Asia: the implications for Europe”, Francois Godement argues that Europe should develop a new Asia strategy that is honest, ambitious – and above all, regional. This should include the following:
Development of a Europe-Asia-Partnership (EAP): the EU’s focus on bilateral trade deals is no longer enough. Europe needs to create a regional trade and investment proposal to match the US-backed Trans Pacific Partnership while offering China the opportunity to join. Otherwise, it risks falling behind in gaining more access to the region’s expanding markets.
A focus on regional energy security: Asia needs new energy resources for its economic success. Europe should prioritise the enhancement of energy security through common initiatives, from the limitation of the use of sanctions and boycotts to the creation of an agreement on rights of navigation (as opposed to freedom of navigation) and joint sharing of resources and surveillance of exclusive economic zones.
A common strategy for Europe’s arms sales to Asia: Arms sales are flourishing thanks to a regional arms race, and Europe is one of the main players. Europe is a much more important security actor in Asia than it thinks it is. But the lack of a common European strategy continues to dilute Europe’s influence in the region.
“The European approach to Asia is out of step with the continent’s own trends. Asia is not interested in Western imports of multilateral security institutions and international arbitration, and the EU should abandon its efforts to transfer its own post-war solutions to the Asian situation. Instead, it should focus on rewarding compromise and build on its growing arms trade with the region to take a more central security role.” – Francois Godement
全文链接：http://ecfr.eu/page/-/ECFR91_DIVIDED_ASIA_AW.pdf
