新目标八年级英语下册第六单元ampnbspSectionampnbspA学案及答案

　　新目标八年级英语下册第六单元 section a学案及答案
　　unit 6 how long have you been collecting shells?
　　section a
　　学习目标
　　知识目标：
　　1.单词 collect , shell, skate, pair, since, raise, several, skater
　　2.掌握句型：how long have you been skating?
　　i’ve been skating for five hours.
　　i’ve been skating since nine hours.
　　i’ve been skating since iwas seven years old.
　　--how long did you skate? --i skated for two hours.
　　--what sport do you play? --tennis.
　　--when did you start? --when i was eleven.
　　能力目标：通过学习现在完成进行时，学会谈论人们做某事持续多长时间，谈论人们收藏某物多长时间。
　　情感目标：通过对历史文化知识的再认识，培养学生跨学科学习的能力。
　　学习重点：单词和重点句型
　　学习难点：区别不同点：
　　1.＂for＂ and＂since＂ 2.＂how long have you been skating?＂
　　and ＂ how long did you skate?＂
　　学习过程：
　　step1.自学44、45、46页单词并检测：
　　收集___________贝壳___________溜冰鞋____________溜冰者__________
　　马拉松赛跑_________ 滑冰马拉松___________ 筹集_________
　　几个的_________ 自从___________ 自从9点起____________
　　一双旱冰鞋_________________自从两年前一直到现在 _______________
　　step2.新课导入:
　　read the sentences and answer them. ( help students using ＂at＂and ＂for＂correctly)
　　1.when did you go to bed last night?
　　when did you get up this morning?
　　how long did you sleep last night?
　　2. what are you doing now?
　　when did you start the english class today?
　　how long have you been having the english class today?
　　how long have you been in class?
　　step3.自主探究
　　一．研讨现在完成进行时态的用法、谓语动词构成、句式转化（一般疑问、否定句、特殊疑问句）及for和since的用法区别
　　1.总结现在完成进行时态的用法及谓语动词构成： 现在完成进行时态表示：_________________________________________________. 现在完成进行时态谓语动词的构成：_________________________.
　　2.since和for的用法区别：
　　since后面跟_______________,句子时态用__________________.since后面也可跟_____________,从句时态用__________,主句时态用___________ .for后面跟___________,句子时态可用____________ 也可用_________等多种时态.
　　选择:⑴i’ve been skating (for/since) three years.
　　⑵jack has been studying chinese (for/since) the year of XX.
　　二．pair ＂一对、一双、一副＂a pair of shoes / glasses /……
　　单选：⑴ my pair of shoes _____ much too expensive.
　　a.are b.is c.be d.my
　　⑵ can i help you? i’d like ______ for my twin sons.
　　a.two pair of shoes b.two pairs of shoe
　　c.two pair of shoe d.two pairs of shoes
　　三．1.the skating marathon has been going for five hours now, and several skaters are still skating
　　several ＂几个的，数个的＂ ＂几个，数个＂
　　例如：i bought several books on computer.
　　several of them decided to walk home.
　　there are several hundreds of sheep on the hill.
　　总结：several可作______词，用来修饰名词_______；还可做_____词；还可修饰hundreds of.
　　eg:根据首字母填空
　　the girl can speak s_____languages, such as english, japanese, french, etc.
　　2. alison was the first one to start and has been skating for the whole five hours.
　　⑴the first one to skate ＂第一个开始的人＂to skate 为动词不定式做__语。
　　例如：she is the first foreign singer to take part in the contest.
　　翻译：今天他是最后一个到校的学生。
　　he was the last student ____ _____ ____ _____ today.
　　他是第一个赢得这个奖的音乐家。
　　he was the first musician ______ _____ the prize.
　　⑵ the whole five hours ＂整整五个小时＂
　　whole 和all 均有＂所有的，全部的＂但用法不同。
　　例如：all the people are here.
　　we looked for the whole school, but found nothing.
　　总结：all与定冠词、指示代词、物主代词、数词连用时，常放在_______;whole与定冠词一起使用时则放在_______.
　　用all或whole填空：
　　my grandfather told me the_________ story.
　　my brother was hungry, he ate_______ the cakes.
　　step4. 合作交流
　　1b,2a,2b. listen to the tape and finish them.
　　step5.典题赏析：
　　1.if he doesn’t want to do the job, does ________ went to?
　　a. everybody else b.anybudy else c.elseanybody d.else every body
　　解题:选b, else 修饰不定代词时，要后置，所以排除c、d；又根据题意，答案选择b
　　2.--_________did you return the dictionary? --last night .
　　a.how far b.when c.why d.how often
　　解题：选b. last night意为昨天晚上，是一般过去时态的时间状语，故选b.
　　3.who is the last person ________ the office yesterday afternoon?
　　a.leave b.left c.leaves d.to leave
　　解题：选d。根据题意，本题动词不定式短语作定语，修饰前面的the last person.
　　【当堂达标】
　　一.单项选择.
　　1. we have been walking _____ 8 o’clock.
　　a. for b. at c. since d. during
　　2. amy has been skating ____ two hours.
　　a. or about b. for since c. since d. for about
　　3. how long have you been living here? i’ve been living here ______ four years ago.
　　a. for b. before c. since d. during
　　4. uncle wang ______ since he came to the company.
　　a. has been working b. have been working c. worked d. work
　　5. they have been swimming since they ______5.
　　a. is b. was c. has d. were
　　6. mr li ______swimming for 3 hours, and his son ____an hour ago.
　　a. has been, started b. has been, has started
　　c. started, has started d. has started, started
　　7. --____ has this food store been here? -- since XX.
　　a. how long b. how often c. how old d. how soon
　　8. i’ve been collecting coins ________ i was 10years old.
　　a. when b. while c. and d. since
　　9. some students on the village are very poor. let’s raise four____yuan for them.
　　a.thousands b.thousands of c.thousand d.a thousand
　　二.英汉互译
　　1. 我认为科学是最乏味的科目。
　　i_____ science is ____ ____ ____ subject.
　　2. 如果你每天吃汉堡，你会变胖的。
　　_____ you ____ _____ every day, you will ___ ____
　　3. alice 是今天第一个到校的。
　　alice was the ______ ______ _____ get to school.
　　4. 所有的学生都在准备考试。
　　______ students _____ preparing for the exam.
　　5. 我已经滑冰5个小时了。i ______ ______ _____ for five hours.
　　答案：
　　unit 6 section a
　　课堂达标
　　1. cdca daadc
　　2. (1) think the most boring (2) if eat hamburgers get fat (3) first student to (4) all are (5) have been skating