2019届高考英语第一轮单元精练复习教案

　　ⅰ.完形填空
　　it was raining. i went into a cafe and asked for a coffee. __1__ i was waiting for my drink, i realized there were other people in the place, but i sensed __2__. i saw their bodies, but i couldn＂t feel their souls __3__ their souls belonged to the __4__.
　　i stood up and walked between the tables. when i came to the biggest computer, i saw a thin, small man __5__ in front of it. ＂i＂m steve，＂ he finally answered after i asked him a couple of times what his name was. ＂i can＂t talk with you. i＂m __6__，＂he said. he was chatting online and, __7__， he was playing a computer game—a war game. i was __8__
　　why didn＂t steve want to talk with me? i tried __9__ to speak to that computer geek (怪人), __10__ not a word came out of his mouth. i touched his shoulder, but no reaction (反应). i was __11__. i put my hand in front of the monitor, and he started to shout, ＂__12__！＂
　　i took a few steps back, wondering if all those people in the cafe were looking at me. i __13__， and saw nobody showed any interest.
　　__14__， i realized that the people there were having a nice conversation with their machines, not with people. they were more __15__ having a relationship with the __16__， particularly steve. i wouldn＂t want to __17__ the future of human beings if they preferred sharing their lives with machines __18__ with people.
　　i was worried and sank in my thoughts. i didn＂t even __19__ that the coffee was bad, __20__ steve didn＂t notice there was a person next to him.
　　1．a.before　b．since　c．although d．while
　　【答案与解析】　d　while表示＂当……的时候；在……期间＂，后接进行时态。其他均不符合题意。
　　2．a.painb．loneliness c．sadness d．fear
　　【答案与解析】　b　根据上下文可知，作者身处人人沉迷于网络的网吧中所体会到的是＂孤独＂感。
　　3．a.because b．when c．until d．unless
　　【答案与解析】　a　上下文有因果关系。
　　4．a.home b．worldc．net d．café
　　【答案与解析】　c　由上下文可知，作者之所以感到孤寂，是因为其他人的灵魂都属于＂网络＂。
　　5．a.sleeping b．laughing c．sitting d．learning
　　【答案与解析】　c　从下文可知，steve是＂坐＂在电脑面前，而不是睡在电脑面前。
　　6．a.busyb．thirstyc．tired d．sick
　　【答案与解析】　a　从作者叫他很多声才答应可知，他正＂忙于＂上网，无暇顾及其他。
　　7．a.first of all b．just then
　　c．at the same time d．by that time
　　【答案与解析】　c　＂busy＂是因为他边在线聊天，＂同时＂，还打电脑游戏。
　　8．a.surprised b．delighted
　　c．moved d．frightened
　　【答案与解析】　a　用排除法可推出，作者十分的＂惊讶＂，而不是害怕。
　　9．a.onceb．again c．first d．even
　　【答案与解析】　b　作者＂再次＂试图与steve交谈。again或once again / more＂再一次＂；once＂一次；曾经＂。
　　10．a.butb．so c．if d．or
　　【答案与解析】　a　＂but＂表转折，＂但是＂他仍不理会作者。
　　11．a.excitedb．respectedc．afraid d．unhappy
　　【答案与解析】　d　用＂unhappy＂表达作者被冷落的不满情绪。
　　12．a.shut up b．enjoy yourself
　　c．leave me alone d．help me out
　　【答案与解析】　c　当＂我＂用手遮住电脑屏幕时，steve受不了了，大叫＂让我一个人呆着/离我远点＂。
　　13．a.walked about b．walked out
　　c．raised my hand d．raised my head
　　【答案与解析】　d　＂我＂＂抬起头＂看到，与下文连贯。
　　14．a.from then on b．at that moment
　　c．in all d．above all
　　【答案与解析】　b　at that moment表示＂这时，我意识到了……＂，其他选项与文意不符。
　　15．a.interested in b．tired of
　　c．careful about d．troubled by
　　【答案与解析】　a　表示＂对电脑比对人更感兴趣＂，此题易误选c项，be careful about ＂小心；当心＂；而care about才是＂关心；在乎＂。
　　16．a.computer b．soul c．shop d．geek
　　【答案与解析】　a　由上题可知。
　　17．a.tell b．plan c．imagine d．design
　　【答案与解析】　c　＂我＂不愿去＂想象＂那会是一个怎样的世界，＂如果人们更喜欢和机器交往，而不是和人＂。
　　18．a.other than b．instead of c．except for d．as well as
　　【答案与解析】　b　由上题可知。
　　19．a.pretend b．understand
　　c．insist d．realize
　　【答案与解析】　d　＂我＂陷入沉思中，甚至没有＂意识到＂咖啡味道很差，就如同steve没有注意到有个人在他旁边一样。
　　20．a.as if b．just as
　　c．just after d．even though
　　【答案与解析】　b　由上题可知。
　　ⅱ.单项填空
　　1．by no means ________to his parents. therefore, we should teach him a lesson.
　　a．this is the first time has he lied
　　b．this is the first time does he tell a lie
　　c．is this the first time he has lied
　　d．is this the first time he was lying
　　【答案与解析】　c　题意：这决不是他第一次向父母撒谎了，因此，我们应该好好教训他一下。by no means＂决不；从不＂，位于句首时，该句倒装。
　　2．—i hear that bai shan can＂t afford his schooling this fall.
　　—________， let＂s do something for him.
　　a．if so　　　　　　　　　b．where possible c．when necessary  d．what a shame
　　【答案与解析】　a　题意：＂我听说白山今年秋季上不起学了。＂＂如果那样的话，我们帮帮他吧。＂if so   if it is so＂如果那样的话＂
　　3．president hu jintao said economic growth is the basis for strengthening defense capability, which is ________an important indicator of overall national strength.
　　a．in turn  b．in return
　　c．on a large scale  d．in a row
　　【答案与解析】　a　题意：xx说，经济增长是国防力量的基础而国防力量又是综合国力的重要指标。in turn＂反过来＂；in return＂作为回报＂；on a large scale＂大规模地＂；in a row＂连续；一连串＂。
　　4．what a pity! i missed meeting my boss at the airport because my car was ________in the traffic jam.
　　a．broken up  b．broken down
　　c．held up  d．kept up
　　【答案与解析】　c　考查动词短语辨析。题意：真遗憾！我错过了到机场接老板，因为我的车由于交通堵塞耽误了。hold up＂阻挡；耽误＂；符合题意．break up＂分解＂；keep up＂保持＂。break down＂出故障＂；(健康等)垮掉，坍塌为不及物动词短语，不能用被动形式。
　　5．although it is not our normal ________to give a discount in our shop, this time we will consider the matter more closely.
　　a．hobby b．behavior c．practice d．intention
　　【答案与解析】　c　题意：虽然打折不是我们店的惯例，但这次我们将认真考虑这个问题。hobby＂业余爱好＂；behavior＂行为；举止＂；practice＂惯例；习惯＂；intention＂目的；意图＂。
　　6．the book which ________at the end of last year turned out to be a great success in shanghai.
　　a．came about b．came up
　　c．came out d．came around
　　【答案与解析】　c　题意：去年年底出版的那本书在上海被证明是个巨大的成功。come about＂产生；发生＂；come up＂发芽；流行；发生；讨论；出现＂；come out＂长出；露出；传出；出现；出版＂；come around＂恢复知觉；回来＂。
　　7．elizabeth has already achieved success ________her wildest dreams.
　　a．at b．beyond c．within d．upon
　　【答案与解析】　b　考查介词。题意：elizabeth做梦也没想都会成功。beyond＂超过＂。
　　8．they suggested that the professor ________just now ________chairman of the meeting.
　　a．referring to; was made  b．referring to; be made
　　c．referred to; be made  d．referred to; was made
　　【答案与解析】　c　refer to 与 professor 是动宾关系，所以用过去分词短语作定语；suggest表＂建议＂时，其后的宾语从句需用虚拟语气。
　　9．why are you so anxious? it isn＂t your problem ________.
　　a．on purpose  b．in all
　　c．on time  d．after all
　　【答案与解析】　d　on purpose＂故意＂；in all＂总计；总共＂；on time＂按时＂；after all＂毕竟；终究；别忘了＂。题意：为什么你要如此担心？毕竟这不是你的问题。
　　10．—i＂ve got a cough and my chest hurts.
　　—________let me examine you.
　　a．take it easy b．no, thanks
　　c．yes, please d．go ahead
　　【答案与解析】　a　考查情景交际。当医生听到病人的病情介绍之后，在诊断前医生通常会安慰病人，使病人不至于过分紧张。所以用 take it easy＂别紧张＂来对病人表示安慰。
　　ⅲ.阅读理解
　　would you eat a ready meal from the fridge rather than cook from scratch? have you been doing internet shopping rather than going to the stores? what can＂t you be bothered to do?
　　a study into how lazy british people are has found more than half of adults are so lazy they＂d catch the lift rather than climb two flights of stairs.
　　just over 2,000 people were quizzed by independent researchers at nuffield health, britain＂s largest health charity.the results were astonishing.
　　about one in six people surveyed said if their remote control was broken, they would continue watching the same channel rather than get up.
　　more than one third of those questioned said they would not run to catch a bus.worryingly, of the 654 respondents with children, 64% said they were often too tired to play with them.
　　this led the report to conclude that it＂s no wonder that one in six children in the uk are classified as obese (very fat) before they start school.
　　dr sarah dauncey, medical director of nuffield health, said: ＂people need to get fitter, not just for their own sake, but for the sake of their families, friends and evidently their pets too.＂
　　＂if we don＂t start to take control of this problem, a whole generation will become too unfit to perform even the most rudimentary of tasks.＂
　　and scotland＂s largest city, glasgow, was shamed as the most inactive city in the uk, with 75% surveyed admitting they do not get enough exercise, followed closely by birmingham and southampton, both with 67%.
　　the results cause serious challenges for the national health service, where obesity－related illnesses such as heart disease and cancer have been on a steady increase for the past 40 years and are costing billions of pounds every year.
　　1．what causes children in the uk to be obese?
　　a.eating ready meal. b．watching tv.
　　c．doing internet shopping. d．being lazy.
　　【答案与解析】　d　推断题。根据＂this led the report to conclude that it＂s no wonder that one in six children in the uk are classified as obese (very fat) before they start school＂可推知this指代＂being lazy＂。
　　2．what can be inferred from the passage?
　　a．british people are too lazy to do anything.
　　b．internet shopping will do harm to your health.
　　c．many people would not run to catch a bus in britain.
　　d．people should be more active and take regular exercise to keep fit.
　　【答案与解析】　d　推断题。根据倒数最后两段，谈的是英国有哪些城市是缺乏活力的，而且最后一段谈到的是缺乏活力所导致的恶果。a、b两项均过于扩大概念，而文中谈到1/3的人不愿赶车，并不能说很多人。
　　3．which of the following is not true according to the passage?
　　a．one sixth of british people use remote control when watching tv.
　　b．people will benefit not only themselves but their families by getting fit.
　　c．fatness can cause diseases such as heart disease and cancer.
　　d．more people get obesity－related illnesses now than 40 years ago.
　　【答案与解析】　a　细节题。根据第4段可知有1/6的人会在遥控坏了时，继续看一个频道，而不是1/6的人用遥控，可知a项错误。
　　4．what does the underlined word rudimentary most probably mean?
　　a.basic. b．serious.
　　c．vital. d．hard.
　　【答案与解析】　a　词义推测题。根据＂if we don＂t start to take control of this problem，a whole generation will become too unfit to perform even the most rudimentary of tasks＂可以看出作者是在强调＂如果我们不控制懒散这一问题可能造成的恶果，那我们整个一代将不能胜任最基本的工作＂。
　　5．all the following are among the most lazy cities in the uk except ________.
　　a.glasgow b．birmingham
　　c．nuffield d．southampton
　　【答案与解析】　c　细节题。由文中倒数第2段可知，市风懒散的城市不包括nuffield。
　　ⅳ.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中的两项为多余选项。
　　being healthy means taking care of yourself physically and mentally. here are some of my best tips on how to do both：
　　break a bad habit.
　　you don＂t really ＂break＂ habits. __1__ so if your problem is that you eat too much when you get home from work, find something new to do that is incompatible (不能共存的) with what you usually do. you can＂t walk around the track at the school and pig out in your kitchen at the same time.
　　grow your marriage.
　　__2__ it＂s always a give－and－take, always requires work. it＂s like if you planted a garden and came back six months later—you wouldn＂t even be able to find it. __3__beat stress.
　　my dog, maggie, is the best anti－stress tool i have. a few minutes petting, scratching or playing with her, and __4__ exercise also helps. just about every day, i＂m on the tennis court. it＂s a great workout, and if i don＂t have that, i don＂t cope as well, sleep as well or think as well.
　　refocus your anger.
　　expressing your anger is just not that good an idea. you say things you don＂t mean. __5__ when you do that, you＂re a problem solver.
　　don＂t medicate with food.
　　it never, ever works. you＂re denying your issue by eating your way through it, instead of saying, ＂hey, i＂ve got a problem.＂
　　a．you replace the unwanted behavior with something that prevents you from doing it and that doesn＂t have unhealthy side effects.
　　b．i＂ll feel easy.
　　c．if there is a problem, you needn＂t deal with it immediately.
　　d．you have to tend it, feed it, weed it, deal with the problems.
　　e．instead, recognize that anger is usually a symptom of hurt, fear or frustration, and deal with the causes rather than blow up.
　　f．relationships are negotiated (协商), and the negotiation never stops.
　　g．you do something without any good effect on your health during the time when you usually do something harmful to your body.
　　【答案】　1 5　afdbe
　　书面表达指导：
　　经历高一开始担任班长性格开朗活泼、为人诚实兴趣唱歌、跳舞、组织校外活动当选后学习小组、体育文艺活动、请名师讲座
　　经历高一开始担任班长
　　性格开朗活泼、为人诚实
　　兴趣唱歌、跳舞、组织校外活动
　　当选后学习小组、体育文艺活动、请名师讲座
　　one possible version：
　　my dear classmate，
　　i＂m very glad to have the honor of speaking at this meeting. i＂m li hua. i＂m sure i have the qualification to be chairman of the student union. for one thing, i＂ve been monitor since senior grade 1, so i have rich experience in management. for another, i＂m quite open, lively and honest. above all, i＂m good at singing, dancing and organizing out－of－class activities, which are all advantages of taking the position.
　　if i＂m elected, i＂ll make my efforts to serve all the students. first, in order to improve our studies, i＂ll form learning groups. second, i＂ll organize some entertainment, such as singing contests and sports activities to enrich our school life. third, i＂ll invite top teachers to give us some lectures so that we study efficiently.
　　so, my fellow students, please do not hesitate to cast your vote for me! that＂s all. thank you very much.
　　二、介绍旅游地
　　假如你是李华，为吸引外来游客到贵州旅游，请你按下表所提供的要点，写一篇英语作文，简要介绍贵州的主要旅游景点。
　　旅游资源许多世界著名的风景名胜，如黄果树瀑布(位于安顺市西南部，距贵阳市150公里；水流湍急，清澈凉爽)草海自然保护区(四面环山，水鸟栖息地)等等
　　有关信息气候适宜；交通方便
　　参考词汇：黄果树瀑布 huangguoshu waterfall　草海自然保护区 caohai nature reserve　水鸟 water birds
　　one possible version：
　　guizhou province is rich in tourist attractions and enjoys many world－famous places of interest, such as huangguoshu waterfall and caohai nature reserve. huangguoshu waterfall is located in the southwest of anshun city, 150 kilometers away from guiyang. it is well known for its rapid and beautiful waterfall, which is clear and cool. it can excite visitors＂ imagination. another attraction is caohai nature reserve, which is surrounded by mountains. it is the habitat of water birds because of its perfect natural condition. there are also some other places of interest which are worth a visit. besides, the nice weather and convenient transportation here can make the trip more enjoyable.