高考英语第一轮单元基础知识复习2

　　类别 新课标学习要求
　　词汇
　　n.质量；品质_______；自我，自我________；共和国_______；法则；原则；原理_________;人类______；律师________；指导；领导_____；费用；酬金________；青年________；青年时期_______；同盟；联盟；联合会_______；舞台；阶段；时期_____；暴力,暴行_______；毛毯；毯子______；恐怖_________；可怕的人______；报酬；奖金____；总统________；会长；校长________；意见；看法；主张________
　　v.献身；专心于_________；建立；建设________ ；投票；选举____；进攻；攻击；抨击_________逃脱；逃走；泄露_______；教育；训练______ ；请求；乞求__________；判决；宣判________ ；
　　adj.忠实的；深爱的_______；吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的______；慷慨的；大方的_______; 无私的；忘我的________和平的；宁静的；安宁的_______ ；法律的；依照法律的_________; 怀有希望的；有希望的_______；相等的；平等的_______;乐意的；自愿的______不公正的；不公平的_______;
　　adv.无私地；忘我地____
　　短语 失业________；事实上________；当权；上台_________；使充气；爆炸______；在危险、痛苦、忧虑的处境中________；求助于；致力于_______；设立；建立_______被判处________；失去勇气或信心________
　　句型 do you think用作插入语 only then引导部分倒装句
　　谓语动词的强调结构 for引导其补充、说明作用的从句
　　语法 定语从句
　　the school where i studied for only two years was three kilometers away.
　　the time when i first met nelson mandela was a very difficult period of my life.
　　the reason why i got a job was because of my hard work.
　　mandela was the black lawyer to whom i went for advice.
　　XX高考命题趋向分析：
　　1.reward 是新课标重点词汇，用作名词和动词。其中用作名词时要注意和近义词award, prize等词的辨析，这在高考命题中很容易考查的一个考点；
　　2.advise命题人往往把他和advice比较，也可以考查它做动词跟从句接虚拟语气的用法；考生应该和suggest, order, demand等词联系，另外还要掌握advise sb’s doing; advise sb. to do sth;等句式。这都是XX年命题点
　　3.lose heart 是新课标重点短语。命题人往往把它和heart （learn---by heart; heart and soul等）短语放在一起，也可以与mind, soul, spirit，lose one’s heart to等词、短语进行辨析，XX年陕西卷就这样考查，XX年仍可以进行名词辨析或短语辨析考查
　　4.动词短语blow up 的多种意思记忆；以及与带up的动词短语，set up; give up; make up; put up; send up; pick up等短语的归类辨析是XX年复习备考的重点
　　5.倒装句的考查几乎每年都考，其中only对状语进行强调且放于句首，主句谓语动词用倒装。另外考生要注意：此句式用的是半倒装形式，把助动词、情态动词或系动词be提前即可，XX年肯定还有对倒装句的考查
　　6.定语从句一致是高考的热点和重要考点，XX届考生要全力一赴地复习好这项语法，尤其注意表示地点和时间先行词定语从句关系词的选择
　　1. fight 一词的短语及各自的意义。
　　2. set aside 短语的两个意义；set up/build/found/put up 表示建立的区别。
　　3. devote ….to 的用法。各举例说明。
　　4. 介词+which/whom 引导定语从句。举例说明。
　　5. reward与award 两词的区别是什么？按不同的词性说明。
　　1.（04-重庆-34）i failed in the final examination last term and only then ____ the importance of studies.
　　a.i realized b. i had realized c. had i realized d. did i realize
　　2 . (05 福建-32) only after my friend came______.
　　a. did the computer repair b. he repaired the computer
　　c. was the computer repaired d. the computer was repaired
　　3.(06陕西卷)only then ____how much damage had been caused.
　　a she realized b. she had realized c. had she realized d. did she realize
　　4.（08重庆卷）26. only when i left my parents for italy __ how much i loved them.
　　a. i realized b. i had realized
　　c. had i realized d. did i realize
　　5.（08江苏卷）32. ______ you eat the correct foods ______ be able to keep fit and stay healthy.
　　a. only if; will you b. only if; you will
　　c. unless; will you d. unless; you will
　　6.(07陕西卷)he and his wife are of the same____; they both want their son to go to college.
　　a soul b. spirit c. heart d. mind
　　7.(06浙江卷)i would like a job which pays more, but____i enjoy the work i’m doing at the moment.
　　a. in other words b. on the other hand c. for one thing d. as a matter of fact
　　一．重点词汇突破
　　1．quality n．[u，c]质量；品质；特点，属性
　　常见短语：good／bad quality好／坏的品质；average quality 一般的品质；high/poor
　　quality优质／劣质；first - rate quality 一等
　　即学活用：
　　l)he _______a successful businessman.他具备成功商人所有的品质。
　　2)i prefer_________________. 比起数量来，我更注重质量。
　　3)_______________________is that it can burn.木头的一个特性就是能够燃烧。
　　2．willing adj.乐意的，自愿的adv. willingly n. willingness
　　常见短语：be willing to do sth.=be delighted to do sth.=be pleased to do sth.乐意做某事；
　　be willing for sb. to do sth.愿意让某人做某事be unwilling to do sth 不愿意做…
　　即学活用：
　　if you are ____to fly at night, you can get a much cheaper ticket.
　　a. guilty b.enthusiastic c.stubborn d.willing
　　3．fight v＆n．战斗；打架；争论
　　常见短语：fight for为……而战斗；fight against…为反对…而斗争；fight with… 同…（并肩）战斗；为反对……而斗争；fight with sb. about/over sth．因某事和某人吵架；fight one＂s way back( out)拼出一条路来；
　　即学活用：
　　1) people often____________________．人们常常为自由而战。
　　2) have you been___________________your brother?你又跟你弟弟打架了吗？
　　3) he often________________who will do housework.他与妻子总是在为谁做家务而吵架。
　　4) two dogs____a bone and a third dog ran away with it.
　　a. fought with b.fought against c.fought for d.fought to
　　4．reward n．报酬,回报; v.奖赏，报答 rewarding adj.有意义的；值得的；
　　常见短语：reward sb. for sth因……奖赏（报答）某人;reward sb. with sth.以…奖赏（报答）某人;in reward( for…)作为（对……报答／奖赏）
　　即学活用：
　　1) he worked hard________________．饱辛勤工作却丝毫不求回报。
　　2) his effort____________________remarkable success.辉煌成就是他辛勤努力的回报。
　　5．as a matter of fact=in fact=in reality=in truth事实上；实际上
　　6．out of work=out of a job失业
　　常用短语：out of order坏了；混乱；out of control失去控制；out of date过时；out of temper发脾气；out of patience失去耐心；out of mind心不在焉；out of range在射程之外；out of sight看不见；out of shape变形；out of one＂s reach够不着；out of pity出于同情；out of danger脱离危险；out of question毫无问题；out of the question不可能；
　　即学活用：
　　1) you have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly out of____.(XX广东模拟)
　　a. date b.shape c.order d.balance
　　2) you＂ ll have to use the stairs. i＂m afraid the lift is out of____.（XX贵州质检）
　　a. order b.work c.action d.touch
　　7. set up设立，创立，建立
　　常用短语：set aside储蓄；将……置于一旁；set off动身，出发；引爆，燃放；激发；set out启程；set out to do sth立志要做；set about doing着手做；set down写下，记下；
　　辨析： set up强调建立机构组织；found强调打下基础，多指国家、组织的成立；put up强调临时搭建，不能表示组织、机构的建立。
　　即学活用：
　　1) the newspaper was________in 1909.
　　2) many tents were_________in the earthquake - stricken areas.
　　3) the local government decided to_________another school for the children in the village.
　　二．重点句型突破
　　1•the last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress，until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.
　　[信息提取] see，find等词可用物作主语，以拟人手法增添语言色彩，see可译为＂(在某段时期)发生(某情况)，经历，经受＂。
　　[例句仿写] 国庆节里人们在大街上高兴地唱啊跳啊!
　　national day_____ _______ _______ ______ _______happily in the street．
　　2. he taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we should have been asleep．
　　[信息提取] should have done sth．本应该做某事而实际上没做。
　　[例句仿写] 我上午本不应该以那样不礼貌的方式对待你。
　　i ________ _____________ _____________ ______________ in such bad manners this morning.
　　三．背诵下列经典句子
　　1. the time when i first met nelson mandela was a very difficult period of my life.
　　2. the school where i studied for only two years was three kilometers away.
　　3. we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government.
　　4. you cannot imagine how the name of robben island made us afraid. it was a prison from which no one escaped. there i spent the hardest time of my life.
　　四．美文背诵（健康成长话题）
　　we all want to grow up happily and healthily, and for this goal we must do several things.
　　firstly, we should develop a positive attitude to life. life consists of not only sunshine but also hard times. we should be brave in front of difficulties. secondly, we must study hard because knowledge is power. if we have the power, we can help to build our country and enjoy life better. in order to study well, we need to do sports so that we can keep fit. we can go running, play ball games or simply take a walk after a day’s study. if we do those things well, we will be able to grow up happily and healthily.
　　一.用方框中所给单词或词组的适当形式填空
　　educate, peace, turn to, devote, escape, reward, sentence, blow up, equal, come into power
　　1. they always______ ________ me when they are in trouble.
　　2. do you find your work _________?
　　3. he was________ to eight years ＂ hard labour for burglary.
　　4. the death of his ____________ friend made him sad.
　　5. things have changed a lot since obama _______ _______ _______.
　　6. a policeman was killed when the car_______ ________. .
　　7. the people who work here are well ______as well as open - minded.
　　8. three people died in the fire, but john________ through the bedroom window.
　　9. men are born_______ and you shouldn＂ t look down upon others.
　　10. we hope for a ____________settlement of the quarrel between the two countries.
　　二.根据中文提示完成句子。
　　1.he ________________（为黑人而战）the black people and was__________(在狱中）for thirty years.
　　2.do you easily___________(灰心丧气）when you are______________（在困境中）?
　　3._________ you_________（积极参加）school activities?
　　4.only then________we____________（决定）to_________________（用暴力反抗暴力）．
　　5.we were put_______________（置于这样一个境地）we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the govemment.
　　6.my family could not____________（继续支付）the school________（学费）and the bus fare.
　　7.he opened a black law firm to___________（就……提出建议）poor black people________ their problems
　　8. he said that they_____________（不应该被阻止）from studying for their degrees.
　　9.the last thirty years_______(见证) the greatest number of laws stopping our rights .
　　10. this was_____________(一段时间) one had got to have a passbook to live in johannesburg.
　　三.单项选择
　　1._________, and charles felt hopeless.
　　a. sentenced to death c. sentencing to death
　　b. as he was sentenced to death d. he was sentenced to death
　　2. the boy has reached the stage ______he is easily made angry by only little case.
　　a. where b .when c. why d. which
　　3. what do you suggest_______next?
　　a. shall i do b. will i do c. should i do d. i do
　　4. i failed in the final examination last term and only then________ the importance of studies.
　　a. i realize b. i had realize c had i realize d. did i realize
　　.5. ---i have lost in lhe game again.
　　---_________,you still have more chances.
　　a. what a pity b. don ＂ t lose heart
　　c. don＂ t lose your hehrt d. sorry to hear that
　　6. some students have trouble______grammar while others have difficulty ______new words.
　　a. in, remember b. for, to remember c. on , remembering d. with, remembering
　　7. for all these years i have been working for others. i＂ m hoping i＂ ll _________my own business some day.(09安溪检测)
　　a. tum up b. fix up c. set up d. make up
　　8. ---would you like some cakes?
　　--- well, i＂ d like to have a few.________i have already had my dinner.
　　a. as far as b. as though c. as a result d. as a matter of fact
　　第一节 完型填空
　　evelyn glennie was the first lady of solo percussion in scotland. in an interview, she recalled how she became a percussion soloist (打击乐器独奏演员) in spite of her disability.
　　＂early on i decided not to allow the 36 of others to stop me from becoming a musician. i grew up on a farm in northeast scotland and began 37 piano lessons when i was eight. the older i got, the more my passion (酷爱) for music grew. but i also began to gradually lose my 38 . doctors concluded that the nerve damage was the 39 and by age twelve, i was completely deaf. but my love for music never 40 me.
　　＂my 41 was to become a percussion soloist, even though there were none at that time. to perform, i 42 to hear music differently from others. i play in my stocking feet and can 43 the pitch of a note (音调高低) by the vibrations (振动). i feel through my body and through my 44 . my entire sound world exists by making use of almost every 45 that i have.
　　＂i was 46 to be assessed as a musician, not as a deaf musician, and i applied to the famous royal academy of music in london. no other deaf student had 47 this before and some teachers 48 my admission. based on my performance, i was 49 admitted and went to 50 with the academy’s highest honours.
　　＂after that, i established myself as the first full-time solo percussionist. i 51 and arranged a lot of musical compositions since 52 had been written specially for solo percussionists.
　　＂i have been a soloist for over ten years. 53 the doctor thought i was totally deaf, it didn’t 54 that my passion couldn’t be realized. i would encourage people not to allow themselves to be 55 by others. follow your passion; follow your heart, they will lead you to to the place you want to go.＂
　　36. a. conditions b. opinions c. actions d. recommendations
　　37. a. enjoying b. choosing c. taking d. giving
　　38. a. sight b. hearing c. touch d. taste
　　39. a. evidence b. result c. excuse d. cause
　　40. a. left b. excited c. accompanied d. disappointed
　　41. a. purpose b. decision c. promise d. goal
　　42. a. turned b. learned c. used d. ought
　　43. a. tell b. see c. hear d. smell
　　44. a. carefulness b. movement c. imagination d. experience
　　45. a. sense b. effort c. feeling d. idea
　　46. a. dissatisfied b. astonished c. determined d. discouraged
　　47. a. done b. accepted c. advised d. admitted
　　48. a. supported b. followed c. required d. opposed
　　49. a. usually b. finally c. possibly d. hopefully
　　50. a. study b. research c. graduate d. progress
　　51. a. wrote b. translated c. copied d. read
　　52. a. enough b. some c. many d. few
　　53. a. however b. although c. when d. since
　　54. a. mean b. seem c. conclude d. say
　　55. 55. a. directed b. guided c. taught d. limited
　　第二节：阅读理解: 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c和d项中，选出最佳选项。
　　a
　　when i met him, i had a lot of anger inside of me. i’ve lived my whole life in spanish harlem, but in my neighborhood, there are shoot-ups all the time. i know kids who have been shot or beaten up. i have friends who ended up in prison. i could have ended up that way, too, but mr. clark wouldn’t let that happen.
　　mr. clark worked long hours, making sure i did my work. my grades rose. in fact, the scores of our whole class rose. one day, he took our class to see the phantom of the opera, and it was the first time some kids had ever been out of harlem. before the show, he treated us to dinner at a restaurant and taught us not to talk with our mouths full. we did not want to let him down
　　mr. clark was selected as disney’s XX teacher of the year. he said he would draw three names out of a hat; those students would go with him to los angeles to get the award. but when the time came to draw names, mr. clark said, ＂you’re all going.＂
　　on graduation day, there were a lot of tears. we didn’t want his class to end. in XX, he moved to atlanta, but he always kept in touch. he started giving lectures about education, and wrote a bestselling book based on his classroom rules, the essential 55. in XX,
　　mr. clark took some of us on a trip to south africa to deliver school supplies and visit the orphanages(孤儿院). it was the most amazing experience of my life. it’s now my dream to one day start a group of women’s clubs, helping people from all backgrounds.
　　1.without mr. clark, the writer .
　　a. might have been put into prison
　　b. might not have won the prize
　　c. might have joined a women’s club
　　d. might not have moved to atlanta
　　2.the essential 55 is .
　　a. a show b. a speech
　　c. a classroom rule d. a book
　　3.how many students’ names were finally drawn out of a hat by mr. clark?
　　a. none b. three c. fifty-five. d. all.
　　4. what can we learn in the short reading?
　　a. it was in harlem that we saw the phantom of the opera for the first time.
　　b. mr. clark taught us not to talk with our mouths full, and we did.
　　c. mr. clark was selected as disney’s XX teacher of the year in los angeles.
　　d. in XX, mr. clark moved to atlanta, and he always kept in touch with us.
　　5.in the passage, the writer intends to tell us that .
　　a. mr. clark went to south africa because he liked travelling
　　b. mr. clark helped to set up a group of women’s clubs
　　c. a good teacher can help raise his or her students’ scores
　　d. a good teacher has a good influence on his or her students
　　b
　　the literal meaning of philosophy is ＂love of wisdom＂. but this meaning does not tell us very much. unlike the other disciplines, philosophy cannot be defined by what you study, because it is actually unlimited. anything can be the subject matter of philosophy: art, history, law, language, literature, mathematics, and in fact, the other academic disciplines are directly related to philosophy. for this reason you get a doctorate（博士学位）of philosophy (ph. d. ) in biochemistry, or computer science, or psychology
　　two broad sub-fields of philosophy are logic and the history of philosophy. logic is the science of argument and critical thinking. it provides sound methods for distinguishing good from bad reasonign. the history of philosophy involves the study of major philosophers and periods in the development of philosophy.
　　of what use is philosophy? first it is useful in educational advancement. it is necessary for understanding other disciplines. only philosophy questions the nature of the concepts used in a discipline, and its relation to other disciplines. and through the study of philosophy, one develops sound methods of research and analysis that can be applied to any field.
　　there are a number of general uses of philosophy. it strengthens one’s ability to solve problems, to communicate, to organize ideas and issues, to persuade, and to take what is the most important from a large quantity of data. these general uses are of great benefit in the career field, not necessarily for obtaining one’s first job after graduation, but for preparing for positions of responsibility, management and leadership later on. it is very short-sighted after all, to take a course of studies only for the purpose of getting one’s first job. the useful skills developed through the study of philosophy have significant long-term benefits in career advancement. no other discipline systematically follows the ideals of wisdom, leadership, and capacity to resolve human conflict
　　6. according to paragraph 1, philosophy can best be described as the study of .
　　a. social sciences b. natural sciences
　　c. both social and natural sciences d. the subject matter of politics
　　7. what does ＂discipline＂ mean in the first paragraph?
　　a. subject b. science c. literature d. occupation
　　8. with the study of philosophy, you can .
　　a. become a great leader
　　b. succeed in everything
　　c. find a good job soon after graduation
　　d. make progress in your career development
　　9. according to the passage, which of the following statements is true?
　　a. philosophy is an independent discipline.
　　b. logic helps you to become a better thinker.
　　c. the study of philosophy brings you immediate benefits.
　　d. the meaning of philosophy is too limited to define.
　　10. from the passage, we can conclude .
　　a. not all the subjects have to do with philosophy
　　b. a person will get a ph. d. if he/she studies philosophy
　　c. philosophy can be helpful for the study of any other subjects
　　d. philosophy is the only solution to all the problems in the world
　　book1 unit 5
　　第一部分：自我评价
　　1.【答案】d 考查only的倒装句和时态辨析。
　　【点拨】掌握only倒装句式、分清时态即可。
　　2.【答案】c 考查only的倒装句和语态辨析。
　　【点拨】掌握only +时间状语从句倒装句式、分清语态即可。
　　3.【答案】d 考查only的倒装句型。
　　【点拨】掌握句型only then 置于句首，主句部分倒装。
　　4.【答案】d 考查考查only的倒装句型
　　【点拨】掌握句型only +when 时间状语从句置于句首，主句部分倒装
　　5.【答案】a 考查only条件状语从句置于句首，主句部分倒装
　　【点拨】掌握句型only +if条件状语从句置于句首，主句部分倒装即可
　　6.【答案】d 考查名词辨析
　　【点拨】按照句意，分清名词意思即可。soul灵魂；spirit 精神；heart心肠；mind想法
　　7.【答案】b 考查介词短语辨析
　　【点拨】固定短语记忆。on the one hand 一方面；与on the other hand另一方面连用；for one thing首先;与for another连用，其次.
　　第二部分：考点突破
　　一．重点词汇突破
　　1.1）has all qualities of 2)quality to quantity 3)one quality of wood
　　2.d
　　3.1）fight for their freedom 2)fighting with/against 3)fights with his wife about /over
　　4)c
　　4.1)without any hope of reward 2)was rewarded with
　　6.1)b2)a
　　7.1)founded 2)put up 3)set up
　　二．重点句型突破
　　答案：1.saw people singing and dancing 2. shouldn’t have treated you
　　第三部分：当堂达标
　　一．1.turn to 2. rewarding 3. sentenced 4. devoted 5. came into power 6. blew up 7.educated 8.escaped 9. equal 10. peaceful
　　二． 1. fought for ;in prison 2. lose heart ; in trouble 3. are ;active in 4. did; decide ;answer violence with violence 5. in a position where /in which 6. continue to pay ; fees 7. advise; on 8. shouldn’t be stopped/kept/prevented 9. have seen 10. a time when
　　三. 1-4dadd5-8bdcd
　　第四部分：25分钟课后能力提升
　　一．完型填空
　　【答案与解析】
　　这是一篇叙事性的文章，作者采用倒叙的手法，讲述了英国著名聋女乐器打击手evelyn glennie克服困难成功的故事，阐明了只要有激情，敢于尝试，就能成功的主题。
　　36. b. 考点是：名词词义。
　　综合整个语篇及文章最后一段 ＂i would encourage people not to allow…＂的提示，可知作者虽身残而志坚，挑战世俗，大胆尝试，最终获得成功，可知最佳答案为b项。
　　37. c. 考点是：动词词义。
　　文中take piano lessons 为动词搭配，表示：上(听)钢琴课之意，故排除其它三个干扰项。
　　38. b. 考点是：名词词义。
　　由下文＂i was completely deaf ＂；＂not as a deaf musician＂；＂ i was totally deaf＂ 处可知作者年幼失聪 (hearing)。
　　39. d. 考点是：名词词义辨析。
　　根据文章，医生断言神经受损是作者耳聋的原因所在，而非产生的结果，故排除b项，a项表示：证据，c项表示：借口，均不符合文意。
　　40. a. 考点是：动词词义辨析。
　　从文中可知，作者虽患耳疾，但年纪愈长，对音乐的热情也愈涨，再由but一词的暗示，可敲定left为正确答案。
　　41. d. 考点是：名词词义辨析。
　　根据文意，作者的人生目标是要成为一名打击乐器独奏演员，所以d为正确答案，a项表示: 意图，b项表示: 决定，c项表示: 诺言，均不准确。
　　42. b. 考点是：动词词义辨析。
　　由文中可知，由于听力丧失，作者无法用耳朵去听音乐，所以只能尝试学会以＂另类＂的方式去感悟音乐，选项b恰好表示: 学习、习得之意，符合文意。
　　43. a. 考点是：动词词义辨析。
　　由上文可知，作者无法象常人一样去听音乐，就想出只穿着袜子不穿鞋，利用身体的震动来感知音乐，分辨音调高低。其中can与tell连用，正好表达＂分辨＂、＂辨别＂之意，为正确答案。
　　44. c . 考点是：名词词义辨析。
　　根据文意和句子结构可判断，只有c项imagination (想象力)为正确答案。
　　45. a. 考点是：名词词义辨析。
　　根据上文, 作者听力丧失，所以只能协调其它的感官去＂听＂音乐。故a项为正确答案。
　　46. c. 考点是：形容词词义辨析
　　此处表达作者要立志成为音乐家，所以不难选出determine一词，其他三项dissatisfied, astonished, discouraged因感情色彩与文章主旨明显不符，而不能入选。
　　47. a. 考点是：副词词义辨析。
　　作者耳患顽疾，且又申请著名的伦敦皇家音乐学院去学习，这在当时是没有哪个聋哑学生能够做到的，故此题选a为宜。
　　48. d. 考点是：动词词义辨析。
　　由上下文语境，再加上衔接词and（注意文中没用but,说明此处表示并列，而非转折）可推知，作者的行为自然要受到老师的反对。此处学生易误选support一词而造成语意前后矛盾，以致偏离主题。
　　49. b. 考点是：副词词义辨析。
　　从文中可知，作者大胆尝试，抵制压力，克服困难，最终考入皇家音乐学院，所以b项（最终地）为正确答案。
　　50. c. 考点是：动词词义辨析。
　　由第四段最后一句可知，应是作者毕业时获得学院最高荣誉奖，其它三项不妥。
　　51. a. 考点是：动词词义辨析。
　　根据文章，作者经过不懈努力，后来成为第一位专职打击音乐独奏演员，再由下句＂…had been written specially for solo percussionists.＂中write一词的同义复现，可确定上句答案为a项。
　　52. d. 考点是：不定代词词义辨析。
　　考查代词词义，根据上下文逻辑，在此作者想表达很少有人来专门为打击音乐独奏演员来谱曲，所以出现上文作者挺身而出，竭力为演员们来谱曲，所以此题d项为正确答案。
　　53. b. 考点是：连词用法。
　　根据上下文逻辑，可知此处应使用表示转折的关联词，选项a (however)虽然表示转折含义，但不用做连词，不能连接句子，故排除。所以b项为正确答案。
　　54. a. 考点是：动词词义辨析。
　　根据文意和句式结构（此句为双重否定句）可知，mean表示：＂意味着＂，为最佳答案。
　　55. d. 考点是：动词词义辨析。
　　作者通过自身经历劝导人们不要为别人的思想而束缚自己，故d项 (limited表示：限制)为最佳答案。
　　二．阅读理解
　　a [答案及解析]
　　本文主要讲述了一个叫mr. clark的老师对我及我的同学的一些好的影响。
　　1. a 细节理解题。第一段的后两句话的意思是：我也有被关进监狱的可能性，所以a正确。2. d 词义猜测题。由第四段的…and wrote a bestselling book based on his classroom rules…
　　得知这是一本书。
　　3. a 细节理解题。由文章第三段最后一句话可知a正确。
　　4. b 细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后两句得知答案应为b。
　　5. d 主旨大意题。d项正是全文的大意。
　　b [答案及解析]
　　本文主要讲述哲学的内涵及这一学科的优点
　　6. c 细节理解题。根据第一段的＂anything can be the subject mater of philosophy：art, history, law, language…and values＂可知选c。任何事物都能成为哲学的范畴，艺术、历史、法律、语言、文学、数学、医学、心理学、宗教、科学及价值观。
　　7. a 词义猜测题。从第一段可以找到答案。
　　8. d 细节理解题。根据最后一段＂the useful skills developed through…in career advancement＂可知通过对哲学的学习而获得的有用技能在以后的事业发展中有着长期重要的影响。
　　9. b 细节理解题。根据第一段＂philosophy is one of the world’s oldest subjects…directly related to philosophy。＂可知a项错，c项原文没有提到，根据第一段第一句可知哲学已被定义为 ＂爱智慧＂，故d项错。
　　10. c 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句＂anything can be the subject matter of philosophy＂可知a 错，由第一段最后一句可知b项错误，由最后一段第二句可知d错误。