2019高考英语备考单元知识搜索与探究归纳Unit5ampnbspTheampnbspBritishampnbspIsles

　　XX高考英语备考单元知识搜索与探究归纳unit5 the british isles
　　自助式复习板块
　　知识搜索
　　a. 单词
　　1.国家；政府；州；状态 (n.)
　　2.差异；多样性 (n.)
　　3.共和国；共和政体 (n.)
　　4.欧洲 (n.)
　　5.影响 (n.)
　　6.基础；根据 (n.)
　　7.联合；合并；团结；联邦；协会 (n.)
　　8.香烟 (n.)
　　9.证据；证物；证明 (n.)
　　10.被单；床单；薄板 (n.)
　　11.委员会；会议；社团 (n.)
　　12.历史的；有关历史的；与历史有关的 (adj.)
　　13.较上的；地位较高的；上院的；北部的 (adj.)
　　14.一般的；普通的 (adj.)
　　15.狭窄的；狭隘的 (adj.)
　　16.错误的；弄错的 (adj.)
　　17.强有力的；权利大的 (adj.)
　　18.由……组成 (v.)
　　19.形成；构成；组成 (v.)
　　20.征服；克服；得胜 (v.)
　　21.判断 (v.)
　　22.拥有 (v.)
　　23.接近；靠近；着手处理 (v.)
　　答案：1.state　2.persity　3.republic　 4.europe 　5.influence　6.basis　7.union
　　8.cigarette　9.proof　10.sheet　 11.council 　12.historical　13.upper　 14.general 　15.narrow　16.mistaken　17.powerful　18.consist　19.form　 20.conquer 　21.judge　22.own　23.approach
　　b. 短语
　　24.代表
　　25.由……组成 be 或 of
　　26.利用它的文化多样性 of its
　　27.因共同的语言团结在一起 by a  language
　　28.在某处；一度
　　29.一般的；大体上
　　30.全年 the year
　　31.结束
　　32.很有价值 great value
　　33.在第一影响的基础上 of the first
　　34.名胜古迹
　　35.作为报答
　　36.追溯到 /
　　37.被认为 be to do
　　答案：24.stand for　25.made up of/consist 26.make the most, cultural persity
　　27.hold together, common　28.at one point　29.in general　30.throughout　31.end up　32.be of　33.on the basis, impression　34.historical places　35.in return　36.date from/date back to　 37.believed
　　c. 句型
　　38. i can know from his looks that he is dishonest.
　　= from his appearance, he is dishonest.
　　39. if i tell you she once lived abroad for three years, you won’t feel curious why her english is so good now.
　　her english is so good, she once lived abroad for three years.
　　40. in 1920 regular radio broadcasts began.
　　=it was 1920 regular radio broadcasts began.
　　答案：38.judging　39.no wonder　40.not until; that
　　d. 语法
　　41. one of the men held the view the book said was right.
　　42. dr. black comes from either oxford or cambridge, i can’t remember .
　　43. he doesn’t think the question of they are men or women is important.
　　44. he often thinks of he can do more for his country.
　　45. air is to us water is to fish.
　　41.that what　42.which　43.whether 44.how　45.what
　　重难聚焦
　　重点单词
　　要点1　consist
　　【例题】it is a simple dish to prepare, mainly rice and vegetables.
　　a. consisting of　　　　　　b. made up for
　　c. made fromd. consisting in
　　解析:表示＂组成＂的词组有consist of sth./be made up of/be made from；consist in sth.以……为主要的或惟一的因素或特点。
　　答案:a
　　归纳与迁移
　　(1)consist一般不用于进行时
　　(2)consist of sth.由……组成
　　(3)consist in sth.以……为主要的或惟一的因素或特点
　　new york city consists of five boroughs.
　　纽约市由五个行政区组成。
　　the beauty of the artist’s style consists in its simplicity.
　　这位艺术家的风格上的美在于它的简朴。
　　true charity doesn’t consist in almsgiving.
　　真正的慈善不在于施舍。
　　his job consists of helping old people who live alone.
　　他的工作包括帮助无人照顾的独居老人。
　　要点2　influence
　　【例题】 a teacher has great over his students.
　　a. effortb. affect
　　c. influenced. effect
　　解析:have (an) influence on/upon/over...对……有影响。
　　答案:c
　　归纳与迁移
　　(1） n .影响，作用
　　have (an) influence on/upon/over...对……有影响
　　the book had a great influence on his life.
　　这本书对他的人生影响很大。
　　environment has great influence on character.
　　环境对性格有很大的影响。
　　(2） vt.  影响
　　i don’t want to influence you. you must decide for yourself.
　　我不想影响你，你自己作决定。
　　at that time, i was very much influenced by his value.
　　那时候，他的价值观对我有很大的影响。
　　(3）比较affect，effect，influence
　　affect 指＂产生的影响之大足以引起反应＂,着重＂影响＂的动作,有时含有＂对……产生不利影响＂的意思。
　　this article will affect my thinking.
　　这篇文章将会影响我的思想。
　　effect  vt.  指＂实现＂＂达成＂,着重＂造成＂一种特殊的效果。
　　this book effected a change in my opinion.
　　这本书使我的看法起了变化。
　　influence 指＂通过说服、举例等对行动、思想、性格等产生不易觉察到的,潜移默化的影响＂。
　　influenced by a high－school biology teacher, he took up the study of medicine.
　　在一位中学生物教师的影响下,他从事医学研究。
　　要点3　judge
　　【例题】you can’t a person on the basis of first impression.
　　a. considerb. regard
　　c. recognized. judge
　　解析:句意为＂你不能凭第一印象来评价一个人＂。judge＂评价，判断＂。
　　答案:d
　　归纳与迁移
　　(1） vt .判断，评价
　　i can’t judge whether he was right or wrong.
　　我判断不出他是对还是错。
　　(2）估计，认为judge...to be/sth.  adj. n. /that
　　i judged the distance to be about four miles.
　　我估计距离大约是四英里。
　　he judged it safer to go away than to stay.
　　他认为走比留更安全。
　　i judged that he has forgotten his promise.
　　我估计他已经忘了他的承诺。
　　(3)judge by/from 从……来看、判断
　　don’t judge a person by his looks.
　　不要以貌取人。
　　作状语时，我们常用judging from...或judging/judged by...
　　judging/judged by the look on his face he doesn’t think much of our local wine.
　　从他脸上的表情来看，他认为我们的酒不怎么样。
　　judging from what you say, he ought to succeed.
　　从你所说的话来看，他应该会成功的。
　　重点短语
　　要点1　make up
　　【例题】as we all know, that country is about 5000 islands on the pacific ocean.
　　a. made ofb. made from
　　c. made intod. made up of
　　解析:由……组成be made up of。
　　答案:d
　　归纳与迁移
　　(1）和解；和好
　　why don’t you two shake hands and make up?
　　你们两个不如握手言和吧。
　　(2）化妆；化装
　　she made up her face to look prettier.
　　她把脸化了妆以便看上去漂亮些。
　　(3）捏造，虚构(故事、诗等）
　　the boy made up a story; it was not true.
　　男孩编了个故事，这故事不是真的。
　　he made up an excuse for his being late.
　　他为迟到编了个借口。
　　(4）组成，构成(被动形式为be made up of）
　　this medical team is made up of 10 doctors and 7 nurses.
　　这支医疗队是由10个医生和7个护士组成的。
　　(5）整理；收拾
　　make up a bed 整理床铺
　　(6）补足
　　we have ten players, so we need one more to make up a team.
　　我们已有10名运动员了，还缺一名才能凑成一个队。
　　you must make up the time you wasted this afternoon by working late tonight.
　　你今晚得熬夜来补回你今天下午浪费的时间。
　　(7）make up for补偿
　　how can we make up to you for what you have suffered?
　　我们如何补偿你所遭受的损害？
　　they hurried on to make up for lost time.
　　他们加速进行以补回失去的时间。
　　要点2　at one point
　　【例题】 she thought she would give up and ask help from dad.
　　a. in one conditionb. on one condition
　　c. at one pointd. in one point
　　解析:at one point曾经，一度。
　　答案:c
　　归纳与迁移
　　(1）在某处
　　the english channel at one point is only 20 miles wide.
　　英吉利海峡在某处只有20英里宽。
　　(2）曾经，一度
　　at one point in the meeting she almost lost her temper.
　　在会议上她一度几乎要大发雷霆。
　　(3）to the point 切题的；涉及要点
　　remarks that were to the point和本题相关的话
　　he rambled and would not speak to the point.
　　他随便地乱讲却不讲与本题相关的。
　　必背句型
　　要点1　not...until...直到……才……
　　【例题】（XX湖北，24）it was  back home after the experiment.
　　a. not until midnight did he go
　　b. until midnight that he didn’t go
　　c. not until midnight that he went
　　d. until midnight when he didn’t go
　　解析：这是对强调句的考查。not...until...句型用强调句来表达是一个难点，在强调句中not不能和until分开，并且句子不倒装。
　　答案:c
　　归纳与迁移
　　not...but...不是……而是……
　　not that...but that...不是(因为）……而是(因 为)……
　　not only...but also...不但……而且……
　　要点2　it is no wonder that难怪……；不足为奇……
　　【例题】（XX湖北卷，30）he hasn’t slept at all for three days. he is tired out.
　　a. there is no pointb. there is no need
　　c. it is no wonderd. it is no way
　　解析:句意为＂他已经三天没睡觉了，怪不得他筋疲力尽了＂。there is no point ＂做某事毫无意义＂；there is no need＂做某事没有必要＂；it is no wonder＂怪不得＂。
　　答案:c
　　归纳与迁移
　　wonder作名词表示惊奇，惊异
　　it is a wonder that...令人惊奇的是
　　it is no wonder that...或者no/small/little wonder that...并不出奇
　　it’s a wonder you recognized me.难得你还认得我。
　　no wonder he is not hungry; he has been eating sweets all day.
　　难怪他不饿，他整天在吃糖果。
　　small wonder that he is so tired.
　　难怪他这么累。