2020年高考英语冠词语法专题

　　XX年《高考风向标》•英语
　　目 录
　　第一部分 教材梳理
　　必修一
　　unit 1 friendship
　　单元要点预览
　　语言要点
　　词语辨析
　　词性变化
　　重点单词
　　重点词组
　　重点句子
　　课文要点
　　课文词汇填空
　　课文大意概括
　　课文佳句背诵与仿写
　　单元自测
　　unit 2 english around the world
　　单元要点预览
　　语言要点
　　词语辨析
　　词性变化
　　重点单词
　　重点词组
　　重点句子
　　课文要点
　　课文词汇填空
　　课文大意概括
　　课文佳句背诵与仿写
　　单元自测
　　unit 3 travel journal
　　单元要点预览
　　语言要点
　　词语辨析
　　词性变化
　　重点单词
　　重点词组
　　重点句子
　　课文要点
　　课文词汇填空
　　课文大意概括
　　课文佳句背诵与仿写
　　单元自测
　　unit 4 earthquakes
　　单元要点预览
　　语言要点
　　词语辨析
　　词性变化
　　重点单词
　　重点词组
　　重点句子
　　课文要点
　　课文词汇填空
　　课文大意概括
　　课文佳句背诵与仿写
　　单元自测
　　unit 5 nelson mandela—a modern hero
　　单元要点预览
　　语言要点
　　词语辨析
　　词性变化
　　重点单词
　　重点词组
　　重点句子
　　课文要点
　　课文词汇填空
　　课文大意概括
　　课文佳句背诵与仿写
　　单元自测
　　必修二
　　unit 1 cultural relics
　　单元要点预览
　　语言要点
　　词语辨析
　　词性变化
　　重点单词
　　重点词组
　　重点句子
　　课文要点
　　课文词汇填空
　　课文大意概括
　　课文佳句背诵与仿写
　　单元自测
　　unit 2 the olympic games
　　单元要点预览
　　语言要点
　　词语辨析
　　词性变化
　　重点单词
　　重点词组
　　重点句子
　　课文要点
　　课文词汇填空
　　课文大意概括
　　课文佳句背诵与仿写
　　单元自测
　　unit 3 computers
　　单元要点预览
　　语言要点
　　词语辨析
　　词性变化
　　重点单词
　　重点词组
　　重点句子
　　课文要点
　　课文词汇填空
　　课文大意概括
　　课文佳句背诵与仿写
　　单元自测
　　unit 4 wildlife protection
　　单元要点预览
　　语言要点
　　词语辨析
　　词性变化
　　重点单词
　　重点词组
　　重点句子
　　课文要点
　　课文词汇填空
　　课文大意概括
　　课文佳句背诵与仿写
　　单元自测
　　unit 5 music
　　单元要点预览
　　语言要点
　　词语辨析
　　词性变化
　　重点单词
　　重点词组
　　重点句子
　　课文要点
　　课文词汇填空
　　课文大意概括
　　课文佳句背诵与仿写
　　单元自测
　　必修三
　　unit 1 festivals around the world
　　单元要点预览
　　语言要点
　　词语辨析
　　词性变化
　　重点单词
　　重点词组
　　重点句子
　　课文要点
　　课文词汇填空
　　课文大意概括
　　课文佳句背诵与仿写
　　单元自测
　　unit 2 healthy eating
　　单元要点预览
　　语言要点
　　词语辨析
　　词性变化
　　重点单词
　　重点词组
　　重点句子
　　课文要点
　　课文词汇填空
　　课文大意概括
　　课文佳句背诵与仿写
　　单元自测
　　unit 3 the million pound bank note
　　单元要点预览
　　语言要点
　　词语辨析
　　词性变化
　　重点单词
　　重点词组
　　重点句子
　　课文要点
　　课文词汇填空
　　课文大意概括
　　课文佳句背诵与仿写
　　单元自测
　　……
　　第二部分 语法专题
　　专题一 冠词
　　专题二 名词
　　专题三 代词
　　专题四 数词
　　专题五 形容词和副词
　　专题六 介词
　　专题七 情态动词
　　专题八 非谓语动词
　　专题九 动词和动词短语
　　专题十 动词的时态
　　专题十一 动词的语态
　　专题十二 句子种类
　　专题十三 名词性从句
　　专题十四 定语从句
　　专题十五 状语从句
　　专题十六 倒装句和省略句
　　专题十七 强调句
　　专题十八 虚拟语气
　　专题十九 主谓一致
　　专题二十 直接引语和间接引语
　　第三部分 高考题型讲练
　　听力
　　完形填空
　　语法填空
　　阅读理解
　　信息匹配
　　基础写作
　　读写任务
　　第二部分 语法专题
　　专题一 冠词
　　i、重点难点解析
　　冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义
　　历年高考试题对冠词的考查涉及到冠词的位置、不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词及固定搭配中的冠词等各个方面。下面我们以表格的形式对前四个方面进行总结，
　　1. 冠词的位置
　　考点 示例
　　1such／what／many／rather／quite + a (n)+形容词+单数可数名词quite a small house
　　2how／however／so／too／as／that／this十形容词+a(u)+单数可数名词so nice a girl
　　3 both／all／half／twice／double + the +名词twice the size of the room
　　4 half a (n）或a half + 单数可数名词half an hour／a half hour
　　2.不定冠词
　　考点 示例
　　1 表示泛指，与any同义 a square has four sides．
　　2 表示数量＂一＂，与one同义，但其数的概念不如one强烈 he will be back in a week．
　　3 表示＂相同的＂，与the same同义 birds of a feather flock together．
　　4 表示＂每一个＂，与every，each，per同义  i visit my father once a month．
　　5 表示＂某一＂，与a certain同义 a mr smith is waiting to see you．
　　6 表示＂像……似的＂，与one like同义 he is a lei feng in our class．
　　7 用在某些物质名词前表示＂一种、‘一阵、
　　一份、一场＂等 we had a heavy rain last night．
　　8 用在某些抽象名词前，使其具体化 you are a great help to your mother．
　　3. 定冠词
　　考点示例
　　1特指上文提到过的、谈话双方都清楚的、受定语修饰的人或物 there l met a foreigner and the foreigner helped me a lot. / do you know the man standing by the window?
　　2用于单数名词前，指一类事物the lion is a wild animal.
　　3用于乐器名称前the violin / the piano
　　4用于世界上独一无二的事物前the sun/ the earth/ the world
　　5与某些形容词连用表示一类人the rich / the young / the aged
　　6在字数词和最高级前the first one to come to school／the best student in our class
　　7在江河湖海、山脉群岛、海峡海岸的地名中the changjiang river / the west lake /
　　the english channel
　　8在表示姓氏的复数名词前、逢整十数词的复数前play (the) piano／the browns／in the 1920s/
　　9在表示国家的形容词前，泛指该国的人民.the chinese / the english
　　10用在一些习惯用语中in the morning / the day after tomorrow / the day before yesterday / the next year
　　4. 零冠词
　　考点 示例
　　1专用名词和不可数名词前china, america, grade one, class two
　　2名词前已有this, that, my, your, some, any 等go down this street.
　　3当复数名词和不可数名词表示泛指时we are students./ i like reading stories.
　　4成对名词连用时 day after day／face to face
　　5在球类、棋类、学科、语言、三餐名词前play basketball／play chess／like physics. speak english／at lunch
　　6在季节、月份、某些含day的节假日、星期等名词前autumn is the best season in beijing.／in may／new year’s day／on sunday
　　7在某些习惯用语中的名词前at noon／by bus／by telephone/ in bed, in time / go to bed / go to college
　　5. 英语中含有冠词的词组辩析
　　英语中有不少词组，从形式看好象只有冠词之差，而实际上却是意义完全不同的新词组。
　　1. in front of 在……（外）的前面 ; in the front of 在……（内）的前面
　　there’s a garden in front of the classroom.
　　there’s a blackboard in the front of the classroom.
　　2. in charge of 掌管；负责; in the charge of 在……负责之下
　　an experienced worker is in charge of the project.
　　the project is in the charge of an experienced worker.
　　3. at table 在用饭；吃饭时; at the table 在桌旁
　　he seldom talks at table.
　　they sat at the table, talking and laughing.
　　4. by day 白天；日间 ; by the day 按日计
　　he works in an office by day.
　　cleaning women in big cities get paid by the day.
　　5. take place 发生；举行 ; take the place 代替；接替
　　when did this conversation take place?
　　electric train has now taken the place of steam trains in england.
　　6. in words 用言语 ; in a word 总之
　　please express your thought in words.
　　in a word, i don’t trust you.
　　7. at times 有时；不时 ; at a time 一次
　　i do feel a little nervous at times.
　　pass me the bricks two at a time.
　　8. little 少；不多的 ; a little 一些；一点点
　　hurry up, there’s little time left.
　　don’t hurry, you still have a little time.
　　9. few 很少；几乎没有的; a few 有些；几个
　　he is a man of few words.
　　only a few of the children can read.
　　10.a most interesting 非常有趣的 ; the most interesting 最有趣的（形容词的最高级）
　　this is a most interesting story.
　　this is the most interesting story of the three.
　　11.a doctor and nurse 一位医生兼护士 ; a doctor and a nurse 一位医生和一位护士
　　a doctor and nurse is standing there.
　　a doctor and a nurse are standing there.
　　12.a number of 许多；好些 ; the number of …（的）数目
　　a number of students are in the classroom.
　　the number of students in the classroom is forty.
　　ii、实战演练
　　（一）．用适当的冠词填空，不需要的划＂＂.
　　1.---hello, could i speak to mr. smith?
　　---sorry, wrong number. there isn＂t______ mr. smith here.
　　2. i know you don＂t like _______ music very much. but what do you think of _______ music in the
　　film we saw yesterday?
　　3. --- i knocked over my coffee cup. it went right over ______ keyboard.
　　--- you shouldn＂t put drinks near ________ computer.
　　4. of all _______ reasons for my decision to become a university professor, my father＂s advice was
　　_______ most important one.
　　5. according to _________world health organization, health care plans are needed in all big cities to
　　prevent _________ spread of aids.
　　6.. for him ____ stage is just ___ means of making a living.
　　7. i think it really _______ honor for me to speak here..
　　8. this lab used to be in _______ charge of mr. wang.
　　9 i know there is ______ mr. smith next door, who has gone on ________ business.
　　10 he devotes most of his time to _______ football. and i am sure he promises ________ excellent
　　footballer.
　　11 don’t lose heart. please have ______ second try.
　　12 those who are rich should help ______ poor.
　　13 when stealing the thief was caught by ______ arm by a policeman.
　　14 in some factories workers get paid by ______ piece.
　　15 it is a bad habit to go to work without ______ breakfast.
　　16 john is _______ university student from ______ european country.
　　17 teachers play _______ active and important part in building up students’ character.
　　18 _______ zhangs live on the second floor.
　　19 cotton is grown in _______ north of china.
　　20 it is known to us all that _______ light travels faster than _______ sound.
　　21 a tower is seen in _______ distance.
　　22in case of fire please press _______ red button.
　　23 shenzhen has ________ population of more than 10 million.
　　24_______ days i spent with catherine in beijing were so wonderful.
　　25a bullet hit the solider and he was wounded in ______ leg.
　　26he loved writing and his first novel was ______ great success when it came out.
　　27 my brother was born in _______ spring of 1990.
　　28 mr. smith is ______ most learned scholar and you can turn to him for help.
　　29 how sweetly she sings! i have never heard _______ better voice.
　　30 beijing is ______ second largest city in china.
　　31 my trip to tibet was really ________ unforgettable experience.
　　32 this watch is _______ 18th century watch, which has been passed down from my great grandpa.
　　（二） 语法填空
　　在括号中填入适当的冠词
　　there once was a king who offered 1 prize to 2 artist who would paint 3 best picture of peace. many artist tried. the king looked at all 4 pictures. but there were only two he really liked, and he had to choose between them.
　　one picture was of a calm lake. the lake was a perfect mirror for peaceful high mountains all around it. overhead was a blue sky with fluffy white clouds. all who saw this picture thought it was 5 perfect picture of peace.
　　the other picture had mountains, too. but these were rugged and bare. above was 6 angry sky, from which rain fell and in which lightning played. down 7 side of the mountain tumbled(翻腾) a foaming(水泡) waterfall. this did not look peaceful at all.
　　but when the king looked closely, he saw behind 8 waterfall a tiny bush growing in a crack in the rock. in the bush 9 mother bird had built her nest. there, in the midst of the rush of angry water, sat the mother bird on her nest-in perfect peace.
　　the king chose 10 second picture.
　　答案：i 1 a 2 /; the 3 the; a 4. the; the 5 the; the 6 the; a 7 an 8 the 9 a; / 10 /; an 11 a 12 the 13 the 14 the 15 the 16 a; a 17 an 18 the 19 the 20 /; / 21 the 22the 23 a 24 the 25 the 26a 27the 28a 29a 30 the 31 an 32 an
　　ii 1 a 2 the 3 the 4. the 5 a 6 an 7 the 8 the 9 a 10. the