好标题的重要性
标题可能是整份论文当中最最具有影响力的一个要素：它不仅是期刊编辑和审稿人第一眼看到的，更是研究员在搜索相关文献或数据库时，确认的第一个信息。
因此，标题最好能够涵盖每一个研究的相关方向，且方便读者阅读。跟着以下步骤能够帮助你想好一个恰当的论文标题。
本文章涵盖:
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★投稿的任何人
如何架构你的标题
Step 1: 问自己几个关于论文的问题
问问自己：我的研究旨在解决哪些问题？我的研究达成了什么目标？
仔细阅读论文的每一个部分，并找出最相关的信息，以此来回答这些问题。例如:
“What is my Paper About?”
“My paper studies how program volume affects outcomes for liver transplant patients on waiting lists.”
“What methods/techniques did I use to perform my study?
“I employed a case study.”
“What or who was the subject of my study?”
“I studied 60 cases of liver transplant patients on a waiting this throughout the US aged 20-50 years.”
“What were the results?”
“My study revealed a positive correlation between wait list volume and negative prognosis of transplant procedure.”
Step 2: 从自己的答复中找出关键字
-program volume -60 cases
-outcomes -US / ages 20-50
-liver transplant patients -positive correlation
-waiting lists -negative outcome
-case study – transplant procedure
-60 cases
Step 3: 使用关键字造句
“This study employed a case study of 60 liver transplant patients around the US aged 20-50 years to assess how the waiting list volume affects the outcome of liver transplantation in patients; results indicate a positive correlation between increased waiting list volume and a negative prognosis after transplant procedure.”
这个句子明显太长了，所以你必须按照接下来的两个步骤来缩减至适当长度。
Step 4: 将句子缩减成标题
想写出一个完整的论文标题，必须移除任何能够让这个句子成为「句子」的东西，同时保留所有跟研究相关的内容。删除掉所有不必要和重复的字或研究员在搜索时最不可能使用的字。
以下是删掉后剩下的内容:
“This study used a case study of 60 liver transplant patients around the US aged 20-50 years to assess how the waiting list volume affects the outcome of liver transplantation in patients; results indicate a positive correlation between increased waiting list volume and a negative prognosis after transplant procedure.”
删完之后，将剩下的东西转化成教简洁的单字并重新安排顺序，让它更好读。因此就变成以下:
“A case study of 60 liver transplant patients around the US aged 20-50 years assessing the impact of waiting list volume on outcome of transplantation and showing a positive correlation between increased waiting list volume and a negative prognosis.” (Word Count: 38)
现在已经很接近可以用的标题了，但一般论文的标题在16字以内，所以现在的字数还是太多。因此我们必须取舍一些单字。
Step 5: 删除不必要的所有内容，把关键字移到句首跟句尾
因为实验参与对象的适量和实际结果并非该研究最重要的部分，所以先把该部分移除:
“A case study of 60 liver transplant patients around the US aged 20-50 years assessing the impact of waiting list volume on outcome of transplantation and showing a positive correlation between increasedwaiting list volume and a negative prognosis.” (Word Count: 19)
除此之外，在研究方法中的单字通常都不会是其他人搜索时会使用的字眼，并把额外的细节删掉，让标题更加简洁。那剩下的就是:
“Assessing the impact of waiting list volume on outcome and prognosis in liver transplantation patients”(Word Count: 15)
删减完的标题让人轻易的了解研究主题与该研究的目的，同时最重要的单字也放在标题的头跟尾。 “Assessing” :该研究的主要动作被放在标题的头， “liver transplantation patients” 研 究的特定主题被放在尾。这能够有效帮助论文在搜索时被看到。
加上副标题
如果你认为有加上副标题的需要，你可以在标题后面加上一个冒号:
“ : a case study of US adult patients ages 20-25”
但是也不需要严格遵守以上的建议，如果你有投稿需求，建议详细阅读该期刊的论文标题规定，才不会白忙一场。
标题命名的技巧
除了以上的步骤之外， 以下关于格式、字数和内容的技巧提供参考:
Write the title after you’ve written your paper and abstract
Include all of the essential terms in your paper
Keep it short and to the point (~16 words or fewer)
Avoid any jargon or abbreviations
Use keywords that closely relate to the content of your paper
Never include a period at the end—your title is not a sentence
Wordvice霍华斯英文润色机构
